Kev tiv thaiv ntawm lub mechanism yog ntawm ob hom:
- cellular;
- humoral.
Lawv muaj kev sib raug zoo, tab sis lawv ua txawv zog.
Lub cev tseem ceeb ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob yog qhia kom paub, paub txog, tshem tawm thiab tshem tawm ntawm lub cev ib qho tshuaj ntsuab uas muaj kab mob ntau yam kab mob, cov kab mob , co toxins, fungi, qog hlwb thiab cov qe ntshav yuav ua tau. Thiab lub cev tseem muaj peev xwm ntawm kev nco txog cov neeg tua neeg sib tua kom thiaj li tau ntsib lawv dua, kom tuaj yeem muab kho sai sai.
Yuav ua li cas yog kev ua kom dawb huv?
Lub npe heev "humoral" los ntawm lo lus lom zem, uas txhais ua kua, noo noo. Hauv qhov no, nws txhais tau tias kua hauv lub cev:
- ntshav;
- qaub ncaug;
- lymph, thiab lwm tus.
Humoral tiv thaiv tau nws tus kheej cov yam ntxwv. Nws lub luag haujlwm yog kom paub txog thiab tua cov kab mob hauv cov ntshav thiab nyob rau hauv qhov chaw seem. Muab hom kev tiv thaiv B-lymphocytes. Thaum lymphocytes ua tau raws antigens, lawv tsiv mus rau cov pob txha hlwb, cov qog , cov hlab pas, cov hnyuv thiab cov hnyuv, cov hlab ntsws hauv lub plawv thiab lwm qhov chaw. Muaj lawv sib koom siab thiab hloov mus ua cov ntshav qe ntshav. B-lymphocytes tsim cov tshuaj tua kab mob los yog lwm hom tshuaj immunoglobulins - protein ntau yam "lo" rau txawv teb chaws cov kab mob - kab mob, kab mob. Yog li, immunoglobulins kos rau lawv, ua rau lawv hnov txog cov ntshav ntshav uas ua kom cov kab mob thiab cov kab mob nkag rau hauv lub cev.
Muaj tsib hom immunoglobulins:
- A (Ig);
- D (D D);
- E (Ig E);
- G (IgG);
- M (Ig M).
Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, xws li lymphocytes nyob rau hauv lub cev yog 15% ntawm tag nrho cov muaj.
Kev qhia txog kev tiv thaiv kev ua kom humoral
Nyob hauv cov cim ntawm kev tiv thaiv kev ua kom humoral yog txhais tau hais tias tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab mob thiab lwm cov tebchaw uas siv los tiv thaiv lub cev los ntawm cov khoom txawv teb chaws, thiab zoo li cas lawv khij ntau cov nqaij thiab kua hauv lub cev rau
Kev ua txhaum ntawm humoral tiv thaiv
Txhawm rau ntsuas kev ua kom humoral thiab cim tau qhov txawv txav, kev ntsuam xyuas yog ua tiav-ib qho kev tiv thaiv kab mob. Hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, cov ntsiab lus ntawm immunoglobulins ntawm cov hoob A, M, G, E thiab cov B-lymphocytes tau txiav txim siab, nrog rau cov kev pab cuam ntawm interferon thiab kev ua raws li cov lus qhia tom qab ua kev tiv thaiv kab mob.
Rau qhov kev tshuaj xyuas no, cov ntshav tawm ntawm cov leeg. Hnub ua ntej, nws tsis pom zoo kom dhau lub cev nrog lub cev lub cev, tsis txhob haus cawv thiab tsis haus luam yeeb. Cov ntshav tso rau thaum sawv ntxov nyob rau ntawm lub plab tas li 8 teev tom qab yoo mov, nws raug tso cai rau haus dej xwb.