Ib qho malignant qog hu ua melanoma lossis melanoblastoma tau ua nyob rau hauv txhua qhov chaw uas muaj kev txuam ntawm melanocytes - pigment hlwb. Raws li txoj cai, nws yog localized rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij, tab sis nws cov tsos rau ntawm mucous daim nyias nyias yog tsis txiav txim tawm. Piv txwv li, feem ntau yog ib qho melanoma ntawm lub qhov muag, uas yog ib qho ntawm feem ntau txaus ntshai hom mob cancer.
Hom thiab cov tsos mob ntawm qhov muag melanoma
Kwv yees li ntawm 85% ntawm tag nrho cov kev kuaj mob yog ib tug mob nyob hauv choroid (choroid). Kwv yees li 9% ntawm cov neeg mob tshwm sim hauv neoplasms ntawm lub cev nqaij daim tawv, 6% nyob rau ntawm iris.
Melanoma ntawm choroid ntawm lub qhov muag yog sai progressing thiab feem ntau muab metastases rau lwm cov nruab nrog cev, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog daim siab thiab lub ntsws. Vim hais tias ntawm xws li nta, tus kab mob nyob rau hauv nqe lus nug nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj yog hais txog pathologies nrog tsis tshua muaj siab malignant.
Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias melanoma ntawm choroid ntawm lub qhov muag yuav cuam tshuam lub pob kws, retina, vitreous thiab iris, provoking irreversible hloov nyob rau hauv lawv.
Cov kev mob tshwm sim ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hais txog kev mob qog nqaij hlav thaum ntxov yuav tsis tuaj, vim li ntawd nws qhov mob nyuab heev. Qee lub sij hawm melanoblastoma ntawm lub qhov muag yog qhov tseeb thaum kuaj xyuas nrog ib tus kws kho mob.
Cov theem qis ntawm qog nqaij hlav tuaj yeem nrog cov tsos mob li nram qab no:
- deterioration ntawm kev pom tseeb tseeb;
- glaucoma ;
- qhov tsos ntawm flashes, me ntsis nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm lub qhov muag, ib lub siab ntawm "da dej" ntawm cov khoom;
- ua txhaum ntawm cov duab ntawm lub pob kws los yog lub lens;
- vitreous hemorrhage;
- tsis muaj nqis astigmatism;
- cov kev hloov hauv kev xaav ntawm cov xim;
- detachment ntawm retina;
- kev hloov hauv qhov ntxoov ntxoo ntawm iris, qhov pom ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm nws;
- deformity ntawm tus menyuam kawm ntawv.
Kev kho mob thiab kev kuaj mob rau melanoma ntawm lub qhov muag
Txoj kev kho ntawm hom kabmob kheesxaws no yuav raug phais raug tshem tawm ntawm thaj chaw, thiab kev noj qab haus huv cov nqaij nyob ib puag ncig lub pob.
Nyob ntawm seb qhov loj ntawm lub neoplasm, qhov kev ua kom tiav ntawm eyeball (qhov muag) lossis ntau yam khoom nruab nrog khaws cia:
- cyber riam;
- radiosurgery;
- cov thermotherapy laser transpupillary;
- cryodestruction;
- brachytherapy.
Ntxiv mus, chemotherapy tej zaum yuav raug sau tom qab ua haujlwm.
Lub neej expectancy hauv melanoma ntawm retina thiab lwm qhov ntawm lub qhov muag yog (ntawm nruab nrab) los ntawm 47 mus rau 84%. Cov neeg muaj kev vam meej nyob rau 5 xyoos yog qhov cuam tshuam xws li tus neeg mob lub hnub nyoog, qhov chaw nyob, qhov xwm txheej thiab qhov hnyav ntawm tus mob qog nqaij hlav.