Weeds yog cov neeg qhua hauv peb lub vaj. Lawv tsis pub lub teeb thiab dej ntawm cov nroj tsuag uas peb tu. Yoog mus rau tej yam kev mob ntawm lub neej ntawm cov siv tau cov qoob loo, nroj tsuag tuaj ze lawv thiab ua puas tsuaj cov qoob loo.
Hom ntoo
Nroj tsuag nroj tsuag yog qhov txawv ntawm ntau cov ntaub ntawv hauv lub neej. Los ntawm txoj kev ntawm cov khoom noj khoom haus nroj tsuag raug muab faib ua:
- kab mob kev nkeeg;
- semi-parasitic;
- tsis yog kab xev.
Parasitic weeds tsis muaj nplooj thiab tsim keeb kwm, yog li ntawd lawv txhua tus nyob ntawm seb tus tswj tuav, pub ntawm nws cov nuj nqis. Muaj qia thiab cag ntoo. Qia parasites loj hlob tuaj ntawm lub stems ntawm tus tswv tsev thiab ntxais cov as-ham thiab dej tawm ntawm lawv. Thiab cov hauv paus dej qab zib nyiam nyob rau ntawm cov hauv paus hniav.
Semiparasitic weeds muaj peev xwm muaj duab photosththesis thiab tau txais dej thiab minerals xwb los ntawm tus tswv tsev, feem ntau clog caij ntuj no rye, ib co kab rau nws cov hauv paus hniav.
Nonparasitic weeds tau tsim cov hauv paus hniav thiab yog underage thiab perennial.
Cov menyuam yaus cov nroj
Cov menyuam yaus cov nroj tsuag muab tsim los ntawm noob thiab nyob tsis pub ntev tshaj ob xyoos. Lawv, dhau lawm, tau muab faib ua ntau pawg:
- ephemeral - lawv muaj lub neej luv luv, tab sis nyob rau hauv ib lub caij ntuj sov lawv muaj peev xwm mus kis thoob ib thaj chaw loj heev;
- thaum ntxov caij nplooj ntoos hlav cov qoob loo - lawv pollute cov qoob loo uas cog hauv cov sij hawm thaum ntxov (oats, barley, etc.);
- dhau lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav - txawv lig germination, thaum cov av twb tau sov so thiab yog zoo zes;
- wintering - pib loj hlob nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg, tsim ib tug zoo paus system, thiab nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, overwinter, tsim sai thiab pib blossom;
- Lub caij ntuj no cov qoob loo zoo sib xws nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj hlob mus rau lub caij ntuj no, tab sis thaum lub caij ntuj sov lawv tsis muaj peev xwm tso tawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo-kev ywj pheej, thiab feem ntau ntawm lawv cov xibfwb tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg;
- ob xyoos - rau lawv txoj kev loj hlob yuav tsum tau muaj ob lub caij nyoog. Thaum lub sij hawm thawj lub caij ntuj sov lawv loj hlob, ntxiv dag zog rau lub hauv paus system, thiab nyob rau hauv lub xyoo ob dais txiv hmab txiv ntoo, tom qab uas lawv tuag.
Perennial weeds
Perennial weeds yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws. Ntxiv nrog rau kis cov noob thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo, lawv muaj peev xwm multiply ntawm rhizomes thiab qhov muag teev. Perennial weeds muab faib ua:
- paus rooted weeds, tsim muaj zog keeb kwm uas nkag mus rau cov av mus rau 2 m. ceg, cov keeb kwm muaj peev xwm muab cov nroj tsuag tshiab;
- fumaceous paus weeds nrog tsim filiform keeb kwm, clog lub qoob loo ntawm perennial grasses, roadside strips;
- rhizome weeds, reproductive plab hnyuv siab raum nyob rau hauv uas yog underground stems - rhizomes;
- paus-tua weeds loj hlob foci, lawv cov keeb kwm muab ob peb nplooj ntawm offspring, uas tsim ib lub zog hauv paus loj.
Nroj tsuag tswj
Kev npaj cov kev ua ub no los tswj cov nroj, koj yuav tsum xav txog lawv cov kev coj noj coj ua. Txhua hom tsiaj mas yog ib hom, nws yuav tsum tau them nyiaj tshwj xeeb rau nws hauv kev puas tsuaj ntawm nroj.
Kev faib tawm ntawm kev tswj kev ntsuas tshuaj
Qhov kev faib tawm yog muaj raws li 2 yam: hom tshuaj ntsuab thiab txhais tau tias nws puas tsuaj.
Los ntawm thawj lub npe, peb paub qhov txawv ntawm txoj kev siv cov nroj tsuag, uas yog muab faib rau hauv:
- tiv thaiv, uas muaj xws li ntxuav ntawm noob, tsis tau muaj noob ntawm cov nroj tsuag, sau qoob sau qoob, zoo npaj cov tsiaj noj thiab khaws cia ntawm quav;
- Destructive, uas yog tsom ntawm kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov noob thiab cov nroj tsuag hauv cov av;
- quarantine, txuam nrog quarantine weeds uas tsis loj hlob nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw uas tau muab, tab sis tuaj yeem tuaj yeem tawm ntawm sab nraum.
- Los ntawm ob qho kev kos, lub cev, mechanical, tshuaj, lom, phytocoenotic, ecological, muaj quas thiab cov txhais tau tias yog txawv.
Pab cov nroj tsuag
Kev sib ntaus nrog cov nroj, peb tsis xav tias lawv yuav ua tau thiab tsim nyog. Nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, nroj tsuag tau ntxiv peb cov khoom noj nrog cov vitamins, thiab siv lawv li decoctions tau tshem ntawm ntau cov kab mob.
Yuav luag tag nrho cov tub ntxhais hluas caij nplooj ntoos hlav nroj tsuag tau yooj yim, thiab lub caij nyoog ntawm lom yog heev me me. Cov khoom noj muaj xws li quinoa, plantain, dandelion nplooj, wheatgrass - lawv muaj peev xwm muab ntxiv rau nyias. Nettle, sorrel thiab clover yog ntxiv rau soups.
Rau medicinal nroj tsuag yog nettle. Vitamin C nyob rau hauv nws yog ntau tshaj nyob rau hauv ib tug txiv qaub 5 lub sij hawm. Kas fes haus, uas muaj qus chicory, zoo pab nrog kub siab, gastritis, kab mob siab. Nyob rau hauv dandelion, muaj ntau yam tseem ceeb kab kawm, piv txwv li, phosphorus, tooj liab, boron, cobalt. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nrov yog dill. Nws muaj cov roj yam tseem ceeb thiab cov vitamins B thiab P pawg.