Plum inoculation - cov cai yooj yim ntawm ib txoj kev yooj yim

Lub caij txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv raws caij nyoog thiab ua tau zoo yog ua rau ntau qhov teeb meem, rau thawj cov tub ntxhais kawm pib tsis xav tau cov peev nyiaj txiag lossis cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Lub sij hawm thiab kev rau siab yuav tau them rov qab 100 nqi, vim li ntawd koj yuav kawm tau li cas los hloov cov me nyuam yaus me me los sis tau txais koj cov noob ntoo kom zoo hauv tsev.

Caij nplooj ntoos hlav plum pruning

Tus neeg twg uas tau txais ib lub me me tab sis muaj lub vaj txiv hmab txiv ntoo, xav kom nthuav cov xov tooj ntawm ntau yam ntawm loj hlob lub tsev ntawm shrubs thiab ntoo. Feem ntau lub tsev kawm ntawv twb tau muaj cov neeg laus me me uas tsis tshua muaj siab hlo. Qee lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv lub lag luam peb dag siab los ntawm pej xeem tsis muaj kev vam meej, slipping qus los yog seedlings ntawm tsis paub tsawg-yielding breeds es tsis txhob ntawm cov poj niam xav tau los yog Giant. Cov teeb meem uas tau teev tseg yog daws los ntawm kev ua lag luam ntawm plums, uas yuav ua tau yog tias tsis muaj kev tshwj xeeb lawv tus kheej.

Txhawm rau ua hauj lwm them nyiaj thiab coj cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo qab tuaj tom qab ob peb xyoos, nws yog ib txoj kev pom zoo los kawm txog cov kev cai rau kev kho mob plum thiab cov tswv yim ua rau kev ua haujlwm no. Tam sim no muaj txog ob txoj kev los hloov qhov ntau hom txiv hmab txiv ntoo, tab sis koj tsis tas yuav ntshai, hauv vaj npas tsev koj siv txog 4 nrov hom uas tau ntim hauv cov huab cua sov. Ntau ntau yog txiav txim siab los ntawm qhov siv los ua haujlwm. Nws tsis yog ib txwm ua tau kom hloov cov khoom tshiab ncaj qha los ntawm leej niam cawv thiab inoculate lub plum rau ib lub sij hawm luv luv.

Yuav ua li cas cuttings yog haum rau grafting plums:

Nyob rau hauv ib qho kev nyab xeeb hnyav, qhov graft twb yeej muab nyob rau hauv snowballs, sprinkled on to top nrog sawdust, nyob rau hauv kub txog li 4-5 ° C Frost. Rau tsawg-snow cheeb tsam yav qab teb, thaum muaj me ntsis cov ntaub ntawv, ib tug muaj peev xwm siv tsev refrigerators, txias cellars. Yog hais tias qhov ntau yam yog me ntsis ntshaw kom faib lawv mus rau hauv tej pob khoom thiab dai cim npe. Yuav kom paub meej tias yav tom ntej inoculation ntawm plum yog muaj kev vam meej, peb periodically xyuas lub cuttings, tshem tawm cov pwm tshwm, thiab tswj qhov noo noo.

Lub sij yawm ntawm grafting plums

Nws yog ntshaw kom xaiv lub sij hawm siab rau plum grafting, nyob rau hauv no qhov teeb meem nws ntseeg tau influenced ntawm gardener tus ua hauj lwm. Nrog rau kev zam ntawm lub caij ntuj no, tag nrho lwm cov caij nyoog kuj zoo tsim nyog rau qhov kev lag luam no nrog rau cov ntoo, tab sis qhov txhia chaw muaj qee qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau xav txog thaum twg thaum siv tshuaj ntsuab.

Thaum nws yog zoo dua rau vaccinate plums:

  1. Caij nplooj ntoos hlav txhaj tshuaj. Lub sijhawm no yeej ib txwm raug suav tias yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau kev ua haujlwm nrog seedlings lossis rau kev hloov ntau yam. Txaus siab rau cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo pab kom sai sai kom loj hlob ua ke ntoo thiab kom tau txais qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov khoom siv. Qhov zoo dua ntxiv ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav yog tias koj muaj sij hawm los kho qhov yuam kev rau lub caij ntuj sov.
  2. Lub caij ntuj sov txhaj tshuaj. Tsim nyob rau hauv Lub rau hli ntuj-Lub Xya hli ntuj, lub hloov ntawm ntau yam yuav ua tau, hnub sov thiab hnub ci muaj hnub nyoog txaus rau feem ntau rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm scion thiab qub aging ntawm ntoo. Ua haujlwm hauv lub sijhawm no yog tsim nyog rau thaum lub caij txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm plum yog vim ntau ntau yam tsis zoo.
  3. Autumn txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv. Cov txiaj ntsim tau zoo tau tiav thaum lub caij nplooj ntoos zeeg, tsis yog tas li, thaum ntxov frosts tuaj yeem dheev tuaj poob nthav thiab tag nrho cov haujlwm yuav mus rubble. Cov ciaj sia nyob rau lub caij nplooj zeeg yog tsawg tsawg, grafts yuav tsum tau txhob txwm siv rau cov hom phiaj kev sim, thiab cov haujlwm tseem ceeb yuav tsum tau tsiv mus rau lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav xyoo tom ntej.

Nta ntawm grafting plums

Qhov zoo ntawm qhov adhesion nyob ntawm lub sijhawm ntawm lub xyoo, qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom, cov cuab yeej ntawm kev ua hauj lwm, kev tsim nyog ntawm tus neeg. Lub luag hauj lwm loj yog ua si los ntawm cov kev sib tw ntawm ntau yam uas siv los ntawm gardener. Feem ntau, ua ntej, survivability yog pom, tab sis tom qab lub caij siv quav mog yog ziab los yog ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub sijhawm nws tawg tawm ntawm lub slightest load. Peb tau xaiv los ntawm kev zoo, thiab Tshuag - los ntawm nws cov kev sib tw. Nws muaj ntau ntawm lub zog ntawm lub zog ntawm kev loj hlob, Frost tsis kam, lub sij hawm ntawm nkag mus rau hauv fruiting, tawm los thiab lub neej ncua ntawm tsob ntoo.

Lub ntsiab ntawm kev xaiv ib qho rootstock:

Rau lo lus nug ntawm seb nws yog ib qhov ua tau cog ib lub tog rau ntawm seedlings los yog tus neeg laus ntoo nyob rau hauv lub vaj teb yog ntawm qhov tseem ceeb kawg. Muaj cov tshuaj tua kabmob (plum siphoning), interspecies (Cherry on ib plum), intergeneric (txiv duaj hauv plum). Txoj haujlwm ua tau zoo tshaj plaws yog nrog cov ntaub ntawv ua ke, nrog intergeneric oculars los yog copulinations feem pua ​​ntawm kev ploj zuj zus. Pob zeb thiab paj yeeb kab lis kev cai tsis siv paus, ua ke hauv thaj tsam no yog siv tsis tau.

Inoculation ntawm apricot on ib plum

On ib tug loj scale rau seedling nyob rau hauv apricots noj seedlings ntawm qus cov tsiaj ntawv nrog me me txiv hmab txiv ntoo, tsawg dua plum. Nyob rau hauv cov lus nug, seb tus plum yog cog on apricot, muaj ntau nuances. Cov tsiaj no yog cov txheeb ze ze, tab sis cov kev sim tau tsim tawm tsis zoo. Nyob rau hauv rov qab xyaum ua tej yam, nws yog ib qhov zoo dua coj ib nrab ntawm cov qoob loo rau lub hauv paus, nrog lawv intergrowth hloov tawm kom muaj ntau qualitative, lub Frost tsis kam ntawm high-zoo apricot yuav siab dua.

Txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm plum plum

Nyob rau hauv ancient sij hawm, lub lem tau hla nrog Cherry plum thiab raws li ib tug tshwm sim peb tau txais cov ancestors ntawm tam sim no loj-ploj plums. Biologists ncav ua pov thawj qhov kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov tsiaj ntawm cov ntoo, yog li ntawd yog xav, nws yog ib qhov ua tau cog lub plum on plum thiab rov qab tsis muaj teeb meem. Alycha ua hauj lwm ua ib qho khoom zoo rau feem ntau ntawm cov pob zeb. Kev kho mob ntawm plum grafts nyob rau hauv no podvoye complexity yog tsis txawv, tab sis feem ntau muaj nrog tua.

Peach on ib plum

Qee zaum, amateurs xyaum siv cov yub los ntawm kaum tsob ntoo kom ua hauj lwm nrog lub txiv duaj. Txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm ib tug txiv duaj ntawm lub plum thaum lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav zoo tau nrog ntau hom Hungarian Don thiab Hungarian Italian, thiab ntau yam ntau yam Anna Shpet muab ntau feem ntawm kev sib yuav thaum lub sij hawm loj hlob. Fruiting nyob rau ntawm lub zoo kev tshwm sim tshwm sim nyob rau ntawm 4-6 xyoos, tus nroj tsuag hlob frost-resistant thiab muaj zog.

Inoculation ntawm ib tug Cherry on ib plum

Kev sim nrog kev hla ntawm varietal cherries thiab plums muab ib feem me me ntawm kev vam meej, cov ntoo muaj ntau qhov sib txawv, yog li ntawd cuttings thiab buds tsis kho zoo. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws tau txais yog thaum ua hauj lwm nrog ib tus txiv lws suav, ib tsob ntoo me me ntawm Suav keeb kwm tuaj yeem ua si lub luag hauj lwm ntawm lub zog weakest grown rootstock. Yog hais tias koj paub yuav ua li cas kom txhaj tshuaj on ib plum, ces koj muaj ib lub caij nyoog kom nteg koj tus kheej lub vaj ntawm pygmy plums. Felt cherry raws li ib tug rootstock yog tsis tshua muaj siv. Nyob rau hauv keeb kwm ntawm plum, nws tsim ntau ntseeg thiab thaum blooming nco tsis ib qaug zog Bush, tab sis ib tug zoo sakura.

Inoculation ntawm Cherry nyob rau plum

Qhov tshwm sim ntawm grafting lub Cherry on plum yog tsis tshua muaj zoo. Txawm zoo thaum xub thawj siab, qhov kev sim sai sai kawg nrog lub ziab ntawm unviable tua thiab lub rejection ntawm ntoo. Rau gardeners lub varietal Cherry muaj lub yeeb koob ntawm ib tug capricious ntoo, nws fuses zoo nrog noog cherries thiab wild cherries. Lub rootstock nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug yooj yim weakly-Cherry rau nws yog zoo dua tsis tau siv, lub experimenters yog expecting failures vim lub overgrowth ntawm lub hwjchim graft raws lub thickness.

Yuav ua li cas kom tau txais plum on plum?

Qhov tshwm sim ntawm ib txwm intergrowth ntawm ntoo nce nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm, thaum ib tug qualitative intraspecific inoculation ntawm ib plum nrog ib cuticle los yog ib lub raum yog ua. Zoo tau txais kev pab raws li ib tug Tshuag ntawm qhov tseeb, tab sis obsolete ntau yam Renklod kolkhoz, Skorospelka liab, paub ntau Wengerka Moscow. Yog hais tias koj xav tau txais tsob ntoo ruaj khov tshaj plaws hauv koj cheeb tsam, siv seedlings ntawm cov plums qus rau kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv.

Yuav ua li cas cog ib plum?

Kev ua haujlwm hauv lub vaj yog tam sim no ua los ntawm cov cuab yeej sib txawv thiab cov cuab yeej, cov txheej txheem ntawm lawv qhov kev siv tau pom txawv, tiam sis txhua txoj kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob poob rau hauv peb lub ntsiab pab pawg:

  1. Copulation - inoculation rau hauv pob tw nrog ib los yog ob peb cuttings.
  2. Raum grafting.
  3. Ablaktivka - cais los ntawm convergence ntawm sprouts loj hlob tom ntej mus rau txhua lub lwm.

Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm yuav ua li cas kom txhaj tshuaj rau ntawm ib lub dab ntxuav tes, koj tsis tuaj yeem siv tag nrho cov ntau pua txoj kev, tab sis peb lub ntsiab tseem ceeb hais tias gardeners yuav ua tau yooj yim dua. Yuav luag txhua zaus, neeg nyiam heev xaiv txoj kev tawm tswv yim ntawm ntau yam los ntawm kev mus rau lub cortex, mus rau hauv ib qho chaw cleft thiab qhov muag-pom. Ablactinization yuav tsum tau sib koom tes ntawm tus huab tais thiab tus scion, uas yog tsis khab seeb rau cov ntoo, nws yog ib qho uas tsuas yog los ntawm tus txiv kab ntxwv nyob rau hauv lub cultivation ntawm tsis zoo rooted ntau yam.

Ib qho kev faib loj heev tau txais los ntawm ocularization, uas yog ib lub qhov muag me me, muab los ntawm ib qho kev tua kab tsuag, zoo li lub Tshuag. Qhov yoojyim tshaj li txoj hauv kev mus rau hauv lub raum nrog ib rab riam. Cov kab txaij nrog lub tsho yog muab tshem tawm ntawm cov Tshuag thiab hloov nrog ib tug zoo xws li cov kaub puab nrog ib lub raum nyob ntawm lub hauv paus. Cov npoo ntawm cov tawv ntoo muaj sib xyaw kom tiav kom tiav. Qhov chaw ntawm inoculation ntawm plum yog tightly bandaged thiab kaw rau ib lub sij hawm nrog ib tug zaj duab xis. Nyob rau hauv lub T-puab tus qauv, ib tug txiav yog ua nyob rau hauv lub cortex ntawm rootstock, los ntawm uas graft raum yog tswvcuab hauv lub tua.

Inoculation ntawm plum nyob rau hauv lub bark

Nrog rau no txoj kev, tshem tawm ib feem ntawm lub ceg ntoo rootstock, txiav lub bark nrog ib tug riam rau hauv qab no qhov chaw mus rau lub hardwood, unfolding nws mus rau sab. Nyob rau lub cuttings, ib oblique incision yog ua li 3 cm nyob rau hauv ntev thiab 2-3 ciaj lub qhov muag yog sab laug. Tom qab ua tib zoo tso nws mus rau hauv qhov zawj ntawm lub hauv paus ntoo rau hauv qhov ntev ntawm kev txiav. Lub chaw ntawm lub lag luam yog nruj, qhib qhov chaw ntawm lub qhov txhab yog smeared nrog ib tug siv quav ciab, sim tsis coj nws sab hauv. Inoculation ntawm plum tshaj lub cortex yog tsis tshua siv, nws tsis yog ib txwm ua tau rau ntawm cov ntoo txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntoo, tab sis nws yeej ib txwm txig rau ntawm noob pods.

Inoculation ntawm plum nyob rau hauv caij nplooj ntoos hlav nyob rau hauv cleavage

Ib txoj kev yooj yim thiab siv tau yog muab cov plum los ntawm grafting rau hauv ib lub cauj. Nws yog haum rau cov laus cov ntoo uas tsis haum lub grower rau varietal zoo. Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yog yooj yim:

  1. Lub ceg ntawm lub Tshuag yog txiav tawm thiab nyob rau hauv nruab nrab on nws ib tug txiav yog ua li 4 cm tob.
  2. Tus txha taub hau los yog npoo npoo ntawm cov ntoo ua tau ntxig rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm qhov muag, ua kom txoj kev cais tawm ib ntus los ntawm kev kaw.
  3. Nyob rau lub cuttings ntawm grafting, oblique txiav yog tsim los ntawm ob qho tib si sib sau ib lub ntsiab ntawm qhov tob li.
  4. Xuas tes kov daim tawv nqaij ntawm cov ntoo tsis pom zoo.
  5. Privoj yog tswvcuab rau hauv kev cais tawm ua ntej ua ke cov txheej txheem cambial.
  6. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub thaum lub cheeb ntawm rootstock ceg loj, nws yog zoo dua cog ob cuttings los ntawm rov qab sab ntawm lub cleavage ntawm ib zaug.
  7. Lub vev xaib ntawm qhov muag yog rub tawm los ntawm ib daim kab xev, ib txoj hlua los yog lwm yam khoom, qhib qhov txhab ntawm ntoo yog them nrog ib tug bar .