Thaum lub cell poob qhov peev xwm los tshwj xeeb thiab pib qhia kev tsis sib haum, cov formations tshiab tshwm nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam ntawm nws cov localization. Nyob rau hauv ob lub raum lawv yog cov tsawg, tab sis pom tias yog txaus ntshai heev. Rau qhov kev kho kom zoo ntawm cov kev tsim tawm, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev kho kom haum thiab raws sij hawm tshawb xyuas, txiav txim siab seb qhov ntawm cov pawg hauv xov tooj.
Raum Lub Nruab Nrab - Chav Kawm Ntawv
Yuav luag 90% ntawm cov neoplasms hauv lub nruab nrog cev no yog malignant. Benign raum hlav hom yuav tsis muaj tsawg txaus ntshai, vim hais tias lawv yog nquag muaj kev loj hlob sai thiab nthuav. Qhov no yog qhov provokes squeezing thiab tom qab kev puas tsuaj rau cov hlab ntsha, cov hlab ntsha txoj hlab ntsha hauv lub qhov tso zis, ua rau sab hauv los ntshav thiab mob mob.
Lwm lub qog ntawm lub raum yog cais tawm raws li nws keeb kwm - parenchyma los yog pelvis. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub thawj zaug, cov kev tsis sib haum xeeb hauv qab no yog paub:
- fibroangiosarcoma;
- hawb pob ntawm tes;
- lipoangiosarcoma;
- tov Wilms qog;
- myoangiosarcoma.
Benign parenchymatous neoplasms:
- lipoma;
- adenoma;
- hemangioma;
- myxoma;
- fibroma;
- angiomyolipoma;
- myoma;
- oncocytoma;
- dermoid;
- lymphangioma.
Malignant qog hlob zuj zus tuaj ntawm lub plab pob txha:
- squamous cell carcinoma;
- mucocutaneous glandular cancer;
- sarcoma;
- transitional cell carcinoma.
- Cov leeg pob txha zoo nkauj:
- angioma;
- papilloma;
- leiomyoma.
Qaub qev ntawm lub raum - cov tsos mob, cov paib
Thaum pib ntawm txoj kev loj hlob ntawm neoplasm, qhov tshwm sim tshwm sim los yog tsis tseem ceeb uas lawv nyob tsis muaj kev tu ncua. Lawv raug pom thaum lub raum hlav loj hlob zuj zus thiab loj hlob zoo - cov tsos mob yuav tsis muaj zog thiab zoo li lwm cov kab mob. Nrog rau cov tsos mob ntawm lub slightest tsis xis nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam lumbar, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom sai li sai tau nrog ib tug nephrologist rau mob.
Benign raum hlav
Cov lus piav qhia txog neoplasms tsis tshua muaj kev nrog los ntawm tej yam tshwm sim, feem ntau lawv raug kuaj pom thaum lub sijhawm ultrasound. Ib daim duab raug qhia tias yog neeg mob tau yog tam sim no yog tias ib tug loj benign raum hlav loj hlob - cov tsos mob:
- arterial hypertension;
- ntshav hauv cov zis;
- mob ib ce los yog mob npau npog rov qab ntawm ib sab, feem ntau muab tso rau hauv tus ncej puab lossis puab tais;
- varicocele;
- ua txhaum ntawm qhov tawm ntawm cov zis.
Qee lub sij hawm lub raum tumor ncav cuag xws li ib tug loj hais tias nws yog pom visually. Nws zoo li ib lub menyuam pob txhaws saum toj ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Cov xim ntawm cov kab mob tua pob zeb tsis zoo dua tsis hloov. Xws li cov neoplasms tau yooj yim thiab mob tsis txaus siab nrog cov ntiv tes, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias koj me ntsis khoov rau ntawm lub cev los sis khoov ntawm lub duav.
Malignant neoplasm ntawm raum
Tag nrho cov kev qhia ntawm benign formations tuaj yeem ua pov thawj rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kev mob qog nqaij hlav. Ntxiv mus, cov kev tshwm sim hauv qab no tau tuaj yeem tshwm sim:
- qaug zog thiab qaug zog;
- poob phaus;
- hawb pob;
- deterioration los yog tsis qab los noj mov;
- anemia;
- nce hauv lub cev kub mus rau 37-38 degrees;
- siab erythrocyte txo qis;
- mob kas cees polycythemia;
- cuab kev puas rau hauv nruab nrog cev (vim metastases hauv malignant cell clusters).
Yog tsis muaj kev kuaj mob, nws tsis tuaj yeem txiav txim xyuas seb lub qog nqaij hlav zuj zus tuaj-cov tsos mob thiab kev kho tus kab mob ntsig nug ncaj qha nyob ntawm seb ntawm qhov qog. Txoj kev tshawb nrhiav thiab kev kho ntawm txhua txoj kev ua los ntawm qhov mob hauv urinary yog ob tug kws kho mob, tus kws kho mob thiab tus kws kho mob nephrologist. Thaum kuaj cov qog nqaij hlav ntawm cov hlwb unspecialized, ib tug yuav tsum sab laj nrog ib tug kws oncourologist.
Tag nrho ntawm lub raum - mob
Ultrasound thiab computed tomography yog lub ntsiab thiab feem ntau cov kev tshawb fawb txog kev xav tias tsam neoplasm. Lawv tuaj yeem txhawm rau txham txawm tias lub qog nqaij hlav me me nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov ntawm kev loj hlob. Qee lub sij hawm nephroscintigraphy kuj tau ua - ib qho duab ntawm lub cev los ntawm kev siv lub gamma koob yees duab nrog kev pib ua ntej kev npaj rau cov tshuaj tua kab mob.
Kev kuaj mob ntawm kev mob raum yuav muaj xws li cov kev tshawb fawb nram qab no:
- magnetic resonance imaging nrog sib txawv tus neeg sawv cev;
- kavografiya;
- aortography;
- Xaiv cov kev xaiv ntawm lub raum;
- puncture biopsy.
Malignant formations metastasize thiab ua rau muaj mob muaj kab mob, yog li ntawm daim ntawv teev cov tshuaj ntsuam xyuas xws li:
- radiography ntawm lub ntsws;
- ntsuam xyuas ntshav thiab zis;
- computed tomography ntawm pob txha taub hau thiab qaum.
Tag nrho nyob rau hauv lub raum - ua li cas?
Cov tswv yim ntawm kev kho mob rau cov neeg mob nrog qhov teeb meem no nyob ntawm qhov xwm txheej ntawm cov neoplasms. Tus cwj pwm me me ntawm me me uas tsis ua rau muaj cov tsos mob, tsis yog nws txoj kev loj hlob thiab kev degeneration, nws tsuas yog mus soj ntsuam thiab kuaj ultrasound tsis tu ncua. Cov formations loj uas cuam tshuam nrog kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev txoj hlab ntim lossis muaj peev xwm hloov qhov kev zoo yuav tau raug tshem tawm.
Qhov teeb meem no yog teeb meem yog tias tus neeg mob qog nqaij hlav yog kuaj pom - qhov kev kho mob hauv qhov no yog xaiv ib tus zuj zus rau txhua tus neeg uas siv rau hauv tus account:
- dav dav ntawm lub cev;
- theem ntawm mob cancer;
- kuaj pom thiab muaj pes tsawg tus metastases;
- qhov loj me thiab qhov chaw ntawm lub pob;
- cov mob uas twb muaj lawm;
- qhov teeb meem ntawm kev puas tsuaj rau lub plab hnyuv siab raum thiab lwm yam kev ntsuas.
Hom tshuaj kws kho mob thiab hluav taws xob kis tau yog tsis muaj kab mob cancer hauv lub plawv. Lawv tsuas yog siv rau cov nqaij hlav tsis ua hauj lwm nkaus xwb los ntawm kev ntsuas cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm lub neej ntawm tus neeg mob tsis raug mob. Tsis tas li ntawd, ib txoj kabmob noj tshuaj yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kabmob (immunomodulators) (alpha-interferon, interleukin-2 nrog 5-fluorouracil) thiab kho hormonal (oxyprogesterone).
Kev phais kom tshem tawm lub raum nrog ib tug qog
Kev phais kev kho mob yuav muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm qhov kev tawm ntawm nws tus kheej nrog cov cheeb tsam me me uas nyob ze cov ntaub so ntswg lossis tshem tawm ntawm tag nrho cov khoom. Qhov tsuas yog rau kev xaiv uas ua haujlwm yuav tsum tau ua nyob rau hauv lub raum yog ib tug qog nrog nws cov yam ntxwv. Cov pob txha nephrectomy (kev tshem tawm ntawm lub cev nrog cov uas nyob ib sab) yog muab tawm yog tias lub neoplasm muaj ib qho ntawm cov nram qab no:
- malignancy;
- loj heev;
- thaj chaw ze ntawm cov hlab ntsha hauv lub cev;
- ntau yam metastases;
- kev loj hlob sai heev.
Kev txiav txim siab zaum kawg ntawm kev teem caij ntawm hom kev lag luam yog ua los ntawm tus kws kho mob oncourologist. Ob leeg nephrectomy ua rau tus neeg muaj mob xiam oob qhab, tab sis qee qhov teeb meem qhib cov kev phais mob yog tib txoj kev uas yuav ua kom ntev rau tus neeg mob lub neej thiab tiv thaiv kev mob loj thiab tsis rov qab mus rau lub plab hauv lub hlwb ntawm lub hlwb - hlwb, qaum thiab lub ntsws.
Laparoscopy ntawm qog nqaij hlav
Maj phais yog ua los ntawm cov khoom me me tshwj xeeb los ntawm cov me punctures hauv cov phab ntsa hauv plab. Nws raug pom zoo rau ib qho kev mob raum benev ntawm qhov me me, yog tias cov kab mob qog ntawm lub hlwb tsis yog yooj yim rau kev ua rau mob cancer thiab kev loj hlob. Hom kev phais manipulation no ua rau kev ceev txuag ntawm lub nruab nrog cev thiab ceev ceev ntawm tus neeg mob kom coj li lub neej. Thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, lub qog ntawm lub raum thiab ib txheej nyias nyias ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg raug tshem tawm. Qhov no yuav pab tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob rov ua cov pob txha ntawm tes.
Rehabilitation tom qab tshem tawm ntawm lub raum nrog ib tug qog nqaij hlav cancer
Vim txoj kev tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm tus kheej, qhov ob leeg pauv ntawm qhov ua ke yuav ua rau tag nrho lub luag haujlwm ntawm qhov mob ntawm urinary. Txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm tus neeg uas tau ua raws li cov txheej txheem saum toj no yog khaws cov haujlwm ntawm kev noj qab haus huv ntawm lub raum. Pom zoo:
- dej tawv;
- tours taug kev txhua hnub;
- kev txo ntawm supercoolings;
- tiv thaiv cov kab mob kis;
- kuaj mob nrog ib tus kws kho mob nephrologist los yog urologist.
Noj cov zaub mov tom qab tshem tawm ntawm lub raum nrog cov qog yuav tsum muaj cov zaub mov digestible nrog cov protein ntau. Lub hauv paus ntawm kev noj haus yog:
- qis roj ntau hom ntses thiab nqaij;
- rye qhob cij;
- qee cov khoom qaub mis nyuj;
- txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub.
Tag nrho cov tais diav yog steamed, boiled, stewed los yog ci. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom tshem tawm tag nrho:
- cov khoom haus luam yeeb;
- pickling;
- cov zaub mov kaus poom;
- cov khoom kib thiab rog.
Tag nrho nyob rau hauv lub raum - kev twv
Txoj kev kho cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm kev kho yog ntsuas nyob rau hauv tsib xyoos lub caij nyoog ciaj sia. Yog tias tus kab mob neoplasm pom nyob hauv cov theem thaum ntxov, nws yog 70-80%. Yog tias kab mob hauv lub raum tau koom rau hauv tus txheej txheem, qhov ntsuas tau txo 40-60%. Thaum cov qog no cov qog no yuav raug, 5-20%. Nyob rau theem tom qab ntawm txoj kev loj hlob kheesxaws, qhov kev twv ntxeem yuav loj tuaj, 95% ntawm cov neeg mob tuag hauv 5 xyoos tom qab nephrectomy. Kev kuaj kom yog yog qhov tseem ceeb rau koj nrog tus kws kho mob tham yog tias muaj cov kab mob qog nqaij hlav qog - muaj pes tsawg tus nyob nrog qhov kev kuaj mob, tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb yuav teb ntau dua.