Cov nroj tsuag zoo nkauj heev thiab muaj ntau haiv neeg yog nrov heev ntawm cov paj ntoo. Nrog lawv cov kev pab kho ob leeg nyob hauv cov tsev nyob, thiab chaw ua haujlwm. Lawv saib spectacular vim cov lush thiab kaj foliage, txig haum rau hauv cov tha xim sab hauv thiab ua kom zoo nkauj ntawm chav tsev. Luam dua ntawm fern nyob rau hauv tsev tsis tau ntaus nqi mus rau ib txoj kev yooj yooj yim vim muaj ntau ntawm cov nta, tab sis ntau dua los tsawg dua kev paub floriculturist yog raws nraim ntawm lub zog.
Yuav ua li cas muab fern?
Muaj ob peb txoj hau kev rau cov tub ntxhais kawm tuaj yeem:
- faib ntawm hav txwv yeem;
- tua;
- nrog kev pab ntawm tubers (xws li nephrolepsis );
- on thiab ntawm cov chav kawm feem ntau lub caij nyoog thiab paub zoo-txoj kev ntawm fern yug me nyuam - mob spores.
Txhua qhov kev xaiv muaj cai rau lub neej. Tab sis nyob rau hauv kev xyaum, lub sportic thiab vegetative txoj kev ntawm luam ntawm lub tsev fern yog feem ntau siv. Cia peb nyob ntawm txhua yam ntawm lawv hauv kev xav paub ntau tshaj.
Asexual luam ntawm ferns
Qhov yoojyim tshaj uas yuav faib ntau lub hav txwv yeem mus rau ntau ntau yog faib rau hauv rosettes. Yog hais tias qhov no yog ib hom ntev-fruiting, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los cais ib feem ntawm rhizome ua ke nrog ib khub ntawm rootlets thiab tsawg kawg yog ib lub raum. Tom qab cog, cov nroj tsuag yuav loj hlob sai sai.
Yog hais tias nws yog ib lo lus nug ntawm hom uas tsim daim tawv muag, nws yog tsim nyog siv ntub moss rau rooting. Tag nrho cov ua hauj lwm yog nqa tawm tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav: huab cua yuav tsum nyob twj ywm txias, thiab cov nroj tsuag mus rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm kev loj hlob kom nquag plias. Nws raug tso cai rau faib txoj kev no nyob rau lub sij hawm ntawm Lub yim hli ntuj-Cuaj hlis, tab sis tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub txias ntawm txias.
Thaum dividing lub Bush, them sai sai rau lub meristems. Qhov no yog qhov pib ntawm kev loj hlob nyob rau rhizome. Rau qub kev loj hlob ntawm seedlings, txhua vaiya yuav tsum tau sib txawv mus rau lub point ntawm kev loj hlob. Qhov no variant ntawm luam ntawm ferns yog heev haum rau ib tug beginner florist. Raws li rau cov masters ntawm lawv cov khoom siv tes ua, lawv feem ntau yog chaw nyob rau kev sib deev ntawm ferns. Cov txheej txheem no yog kev mob siab thiab yuav tsum muaj kev paub ntau heev.
Luam ntawm ferns los ntawm spores
Rau lub voj voog ntawm cov luam ntawm txhua ferns, lub alternation ntawm ob tiam yog tus yam ntxwv. Ib tug neeg laus cog sporophyte (tsuas yog qhov peb siv los saib nyob rau hauv ib lub lauj kaub nyob rau hauv windowsill) nyob rau hauv qab ntawm nplooj ntawm muaj phav phav tus mob. Sai li sai tau cov kab mob kis tau thiab ntog on fertile av, lawv pib germinate. Nyob rau hauv txhua lub sprout muaj txiv neej thiab poj niam kab mob thiab tom qab fertilization los ntawm lub qe peb pom ib tug tshiab sporophyte.
Hom kev lag luam ntawm ferns yog siv rau cov tsiaj uas muaj tsuas yog ib qho kev loj hlob taw tes thiab tsis tsim tshiab kev lag luam. Nyob rau hauv tus, sprouting spores yog heev uas zoo sib xws rau txoj kev ntawm germination ntawm noob. Qhov txawv yog tsuas yog nyob rau hauv qhov loj ntawm cov khoom cog thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev kho mob. Kev hloov kev sib daj sib deev ntawm ferns tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ntau theem.
- Ua ntej tshaj plaws, peb pom ib daim ntawv uas cov cim ntawm cov hmoov av ntawm cov xim av nyob sab nraum qab pom meej. Nws yog txiav thiab muab tso rau hauv ib lub hnab ntawv.
- Thaum nruab hnub, lub pob no yog shaken periodically, tab sis tsis qhib. Siv pob ntawv ib zaug xwb.
- Rau qhov tsaws, cov nram qab no tov yog npaj: peat, hauv av, xuab zeb, charcoal yog tov nrog sib npaug. Cov sib tov yog steamed thiab poured rau hauv pots los yog pots. Ib txheej ntawm cib yog poured on to top, uas yog preliminarily finely grounded.
- Saum ntawm cov av yog moistened thiab spores yog poured on to top. Qhov tseem ceeb: ntawm qhov sawv ntawm lub lauj kaub rau cov av yuav tsum yog li 1 cm.
- Rau kev vam meej reproduction ntawm fern chav nyob rau hauv xws li tej yam kev mob nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los xyuas kom meej high humidity ntawm huab cua, qhov kub ntawm qhov kev txiav txim ntawm 25 ° C. Capacities yog them nrog iav, tom qab ntawd tso rau hauv cov lauj kaub nrog nag. Rau dej siv tsuas yog siv tshuaj tsuag xwb.
- Ib lub hlis tom qab ntawm qhov saum npoo yuav tshwm me me sprouts heev zoo li Moss. Ib qho ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev luam ntawm cov nroj tsuag ferns yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov dej yeeb yaj kiab rau fertilization. Tsis txhob tshem cov iav kom txog thaum thawj nplooj tuaj tshwm rau ntawm qoob.
- Lub voj voog ntawm fern yug me nyuam tiav thiab peb rov tau txais ib lub sportophyte.