Overabundance ntawm poov tshuaj nyob rau hauv cov ntshav ntshav ua rau kev loj hlob ntawm ntau yam teeb meem. Cov tsos mob ntawm hyperkalemia yog hloov maj mam, yog li nws tsis yooj yim rau kev ntsuam xyuas tus kab mob rau lub sijhawm. Muaj ob txoj kev los txiav txim siab hyperkalemia - ECG thiab kuaj ntshav.
Lub ntsiab ua rau mob hyperkalemia
Overabundance ntawm potassium nyob rau hauv kev noj haus ua rau hyperkalemia tsis tshua muaj tsis tshua muaj. Peb lub cev muaj peev xwm tswj tus nqi ntawm cov khoom noj uas tau noj los ntawm cov zaub mov, thiab yog hais tias lub poov tshuaj ntau dhau, tsuas tsis nqus nws, sai tshem tawm nrog zis. Yog li, yog tias cov ntshav ntsuas pom K cov ntsiab lus ntau tshaj 5.5 mmol ntawm ib lim, feem ntau yuav ua rau lub raum tsis muaj peev xwm tiv tau txoj hauj lwm. Ntawm chav kawm, yog hais tias tus kab mob no tsis yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev noj cov tshuaj.
Qee hom tshuaj siv rau kev tso tawm cov potassium los ntawm lub hlwb ntawm peb lub cev mus rau hauv qhov chaw sib txuas, uas kuj ua rau cov hyperkalemia. Ua ntej tshaj, peb tab tom tham txog beta-blockers, siv yeeb tshuaj rau kev kho mob ntsws dej hauv cov neeg mob AIDS, Trimethoprim, Pentamidine thiab lwm yam tshuaj.
Feem ntau ib qho kev nce nyob rau theem ntawm poov tshuaj yog txuam nrog xws li cov kab mob ntawm Internal plab hnyuv siab li:
- leukemia thiab leukocytosis ;
- nephrite;
- sickle-cell anemia;
- nephropathy;
- kev txuam ntawm txoj kab mob urinary;
- glycoside intoxication;
- metabolic acidosis;
- qog disintegration syndrome;
- familial hyperkalemic periodic tuag tes tuag taw.
Tsis tas li ntawd, hyperkalemia tuaj yeem tsim muaj ntshav qab zib thiab mob siab rau lub cev. Ntxiv mus, nyob rau hauv rooj plaub tom kawg, tom qab mob hyperkalemia, mob hypokalemia feem ntau tshwm sim.
Cov tsos mob ntawm hyperkalemia
Ib qho overabundance ntawm potassium nyob rau hauv cov ntshav tau pom tseeb los ntawm xws li cov cim qhia:
- kev sib ceg;
- plawv tsis sib haum xeeb;
- kev txaj muag;
- mob taub hau;
- leeg ntshau;
- nqus mob hauv cov leeg;
- tsis muaj qab los noj mov;
- nquag tso zis;
- xeev siab.
Cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob hyperkalemia tsis yog ib txwm pom thiab tsis yog txhua yam. Peb tuaj yeem kuaj xyuas tus kab mob no li cas?
Feem ntau, nrog rau lub ntsws hyperkalemia, nws muaj qhov yam ntxwv zoo xws li leeg tsis muaj zog thiab ua pa tsis ua haujlwm. Yog tias nws tsis yooj yim rau koj txawm nqa ib khob mus rau ntawm koj daim di ncauj, los yog diaphragm tsis poob qis qis nqus kom nqus, nws hinders kom sau tag nrho cov ntsws pa, qhov no qhia tias muaj kab mob.
Vim hais tias cov ntsiab lus ntawm potassium nyob rau hauv cov ntshav ncaj qha cuam tshuam lub qub haujlwm ntawm lub siab nqaij, zoo heev hyperkalemia yog pom nyob rau ntawm ECG . Nrog kev pab los ntawm ib tug cardiogram nws yog ib qho ua tau los txheeb xyuas ob lub overabundance thiab qhov nyiaj tsawg ntawm no macroelement. Cov tsos mob ntawm hyperkalemia ntawm ECG yog feem ntau pom nyob rau hauv T theem - taw cov hniav. Qhov no yog cov pov thawj ntawm mob me. Yog hais tias tus kab mob tau kis mus rau theem nrab, qhov PQ raug ncua ntawm daim cardiogram thiab QRS txoj kev ua dav dua. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm AV tuav khov kho thiab, thaum mob hnyav, tus hniav ntawm P. disappears. Nyob hauv
Cov kws kho mob hypokalemia yuav soj ntsuam ib daim duab txawv kiag li - tus hniav T flattenes thiab lub qhov hnyuv ntawm U cov hniav tuaj yeem nce nrog kev pab ntawm daim cardiogram tias qhov mob ntawm tus kab mob yog qhov yooj yim rau kev kuaj mob. Txawm tias ib txoj kev kuaj ntshav tsis yog ib qho kev pom zoo ntawm tus kab mob. Qhov tseeb yog tias cov ntshav kuaj, qhov tseeb hyperkalemia feem ntau pom. Txij li thaum lub tsom tawm ntawm tus hlab ntsha, nws yog ib qho kev nyuab siab rau lub cev, thiab potassium yog secreted ntawm lub hlwb involuntarily mus rau hauv qhov chaw intercellular. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov ua rau qis dua qhov qoob loo ntawm cov kabmob no nyob rau hauv cov ntshav yuav ua tau rau lub sijhawm nrawm rau ntawm caj npab, lossis hnav khaubncaws nruj heev.