Txhua tus gardener paub hais tias ib yam ntawm cov nroj tsuag cultivated xav tau fertilizing. Hnub no, koj tuaj yeem ntsib ntau ntau hom: kab mob, pob zeb hauv av, kev noj tshuaj, thiab lwm yam. Ib qhov chaw tseem ceeb hauv daim ntawv no yog nyob ntawm cov organic chiv.
Organic chiv lawv cov hom thiab yam ntxwv
Cov khoom lag luam tseem ceeb ntawm cov kab mob nyob hauv los yog lawv cov seem yog cov saum toj kawg nkaus hnav khaub ncaws. Muaj xws li hom organic chiv:
- Chiv. Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws fertilizer. Nyob rau hauv nws muaj pes tsawg leeg, kwv yees li 75% ntawm dej, 21% ntawm cov organic, 0.5% ntawm nitrogen, 0.25% ntawm yooj yim digestible phosphorus, 0.6% ntawm potassium oxide. Qhov zoo ntawm pub mis nyob ntawm seb hom tsiaj, nws cov khoom noj khoom haus, khib nyoos thiab txawm txoj kev cia ntawm fertilizer.
- Noog poob. Lub pigeon thiab nqaij qaib droppings yog suav hais tias yog tus tseem ceeb, thiab Goose thiab os yog ntawm tsawg dua tus nqi.
- Peat. Nws tsis muaj ntau ntawm cov muab kev pab cuam tsim nyog rau cov nroj tsuag, tab sis nws kho txhim cov qauv ntawm cov av thiab nce nws cov ntsiab lus humus.
- Il (sapropel). Accumulating nyob rau hauv qab ntawm dej lub cev, nws muaj ib tug ntau ntawm phosphorus, poov tshuaj, nitrogen, humus.
- Faeces. Lub qhov dej los ntawm lub tsev tawm rooj khaws cia cov tshuaj ntxhiab yooj yim assimilated los ntawm cov nroj tsuag.
- Sawdust. Cov av no ua rau lub cev muaj zog ntawm cov xau, ua kom lawv cov cua permeability thiab noo noo, tab sis nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau siv cov chiv tsuas yog hauv daim ntawv.
- Tus Ciderates. Nws yog ib qho ntsuab loj ntawm legumes, sunflowers, buckwheat, phacelia thiab lwm yam nroj tsuag.
- Compost. Npaj nws los ntawm ntau yam organic pov tseg: noog daj, quav, quav tsiaj, khib nyiab, thiab lwm yam.
Yuav ua li cas yog qhov txawv ntawm cov organic chiv thiab pob zeb hauv av chiv?
Yuav kom pub zaub mov, cov ntxhia thiab cov organic chiv siv, uas muaj qhov sib txawv me ntsis:
- Txij li thaum cov organic chiv yog lub ntuj tsim ntawm lub ntuj txoj saw, lawv tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj rau cov av, uas tsis muaj peev xwm hais tau hais txog cov tshuaj tua hluav taws ua mineral.
- Qhov zoo tshaj plaws cov khoom siv organic yog tsim nyob hauv ntau ntau me me (uas yog to taub heev) hauv kev sib piv nrog cov ntxhia tsim los ntawm cov chaw ua haujlwm.
- Cov nyhuv ntawm cov organic yog complex thiab ntev, tab sis cov nyhuv ntawm pob zeb hauv av fertilizing yog tiav sai sai.
- Yuav kom fertilize ib cheeb tsam, tsawg dua pob zeb hauv av chiv yuav tsum tau tshaj li cov organic.
- Yuav kom nce lub fertility ntawm cov organic teeb meem yog tswvcuab rau hauv cov av evenly. Cov ntxhuav saum taub hau yog siv los siv nyiaj ntau yam, piv txwv, cog cov qoob loo, av av, thiab lwm yam.
Txoj kev ntawm qhia cov organic chiv
Fertile xau yog tus yuam sij rau kev noj qab haus huv cov nroj tsuag thiab siab yields. Yog li ntawd, qhov qhia txog ntawm cov organic chiv rau hauv av yog ib tug yuav tsum tau agrotechnical ntsuas. Nws muaj ob peb txoj kev ntawm kev qhia cov organic teeb meem:
- Preseding los yog basic. Fertilizers yog pib ua ntej lub caij nplooj zeeg los yog caij nplooj ntoos hlav cog. Txoj kev no tso cai rau muab cov nroj tsuag nrog rau kev noj haus kom tsim nyog rau tag nrho cov sij hawm ntawm lawv txoj kev loj hlob. Qhov nruab nrab tau siv ntawm cov organic chiv yog txog 6-8 kg ib 1 sq. Km. m. Ntawm av nplaum hnyav hnyav, cov khoom siv yog tso rau qhov tob txog 15 cm Nyob rau ntawm chernozem thiab lub teeb xau, qhov tob ntawm embedment tuaj yeem ncav 25 cm.
- Lub caij sowing. Chiv yog cov tswv yim thaum lub sij hawm sowing noob los yog cog seedlings. Xws li pub pub cov tub ntxhais hluas cov khoom noj thaum pib ntawm lawv txoj kev loj hlob, lawv muaj keeb kwm muaj zog. Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, lawv zoo dua resistant huab cua puag thiab pests.
- Tom qab cov noob. Organic yog nkag tau rau lub caij cog qoob. Nws muab cov nroj tsuag nrog cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb thaum lub sijhawm lawv loj hlob.
Qhov zoo tshaj plaws organic chiv
Inexperienced tsheb ua liaj ua teb feem ntau xav nyob rau hauv dab tsi organic chiv zoo tshaj plaws siv nyob rau hauv loj hlob ntau yam nroj tsuag. Tom qab tag nrho, ntawm ntau hom hnav khaub ncaws nws muaj peev xwm qee zaum yuav nyuaj xaiv cov chiv uas tsim nyog rau koj cov av. Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, lawv cov hom sib txawv tsis zoo rau lawv txoj kev ua haujlwm. Cov nyhuv ntawm cov organic cuam tshuam ntau txheej txheem tshwm sim hauv cov av:
- Txhim khu lub substrate nrog cov khoom tsim nyog rau cov nroj tsuag.
- Txhim kho cov qauv av.
- Regulates lub acidity ntawm cov av.
- Nqa tawm aeration thiab txhim kho cov dej permeability ntawm lub ntiaj teb sib tov.
- Nws stimulates lub reproduction ntawm cov kab mob uas tseem ceeb rau lub ntiaj teb.
- Cov tshuaj carbon dioxide, uas yog tso tawm thaum lub caij nyoog tawm, koom hauv cov duab photosynthesis.
Organic chiv rau sab hauv nroj tsuag
Ntawm cov kws kho mob tshwj xeeb, nws tsis muaj lub tswv yim ntawm kev paub siv cov khoom siv organic rau sab saum toj hnav khaub ncaws ntawm sab hauv paj. Xws li chiv yuav ua rau cov av sib tov ntau cua-thiab noo noo-permeable thiab yuav tsim kev loj hlob ntawm ntsuab loj. Txawm li ntawd los, rau cov organic thiab bulbous paj organic pub tsis haum, thiab ci thiab variegated nplooj ntawm ib co nroj tsuag nrog ib tug ntau ntawm xws li chiv yuav ua yooj yim ntsuab. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws organic chiv rau paj yog ntoo tshauv thiab humus.
Organic chiv rau lub vaj
Yog xav tau zoo heev los ntawm cov cuab yeej tua kab, koj yuav tsum tsis tu ncua pub rau thaj av. Ua li no, koj muaj peev xwm xaiv qhov zoo tshaj plaws cov organic fertilizer rau lub vaj:
- nyuj dung;
- nplooj lwg;
- tshauv;
- sawdust;
- peat;
- ntsuab chiv - siderates;
- noog daj.
Organic chiv nrog tus kheej txhais tes
Rau cov neeg uas xav cog cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub tsis siv cov tshuaj, peb tuaj yeem qhia koj kom ua cov organic chiv hauv koj lub tsev:
- Txiv tsawb tev. Nws yuav tsum faus ze ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Decaying, nws yuav los ua ib tug tiag tiag fertilizer. Thiab yog tias koj tsau lub tev rau ob peb hnub hauv dej, koj tau txais ib cov kua hnav khaub ncaws uas tsim nyog rau cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab cov paj.
- Ntsev ntsev. Nws enriches cov av nrog sulfur thiab magnesium thiab yuav siv tau rau txiv lws suav thiab Roses. 1 tbsp. lus dag. lub salts yog yaj nyob rau hauv 1 liter dej thiab no nroj tsuag yog watered los ntawm cov nroj tsuag.
- Txiav nyom nyom. Los ntawm nws koj yuav tau npaj ib tug fertilizer muaj nitrogen. Ua li no, sau rau lub tawb nrog cov nyom thiab sau nrog dej. Infuse 3-5 hnub, thiab ces dej lub nroj tsuag, tov lub tincture nrog dej nyob rau hauv ib tug ratio ntawm 1:10.
- Txoj kev lis ntshav ntawm lub compost. Nws yog npaj raws li tib daim ntawv qhia, thiab tej yam nroj tsuag yuav fertilized los ntawm nws.
- Kas fes. Nws yuav saturate cov av nrog nitrogen thiab nce nws acidity. Qhov no fertilizer yog tsim rau sab hauv thiab sab nraum paj.
Minuses ntawm cov organic chiv
Kev siv cov organic chiv nyob rau hauv ntau yam nroj tsuag muaj ntau yam zoo, tab sis kuj muaj qhov tsis zoo rau lawv siv:
- Qhov concentration ntawm muab kev pab cuam nyob rau hauv cov av yog tsawg.
- Nyob rau hauv chiv, thiab tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv manure, muaj ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm weeds.
- Organic thiab complex chiv yog ntawm high nqi.