Nws yog qhov nyuaj tsis pom zoo tias lub metro yog ib qho yooj yim thiab ceev ceev hom kev thauj, yog tias muaj cov chaw nres tsheb zoo nyob hauv Madrid hav zoov thiab ntawm qhov chaw nres tsheb thiab, qhov tseeb, hauv cov suburbs. Taug kev nyob ib ncig ntawm lub peev ntawm Spain thawj zaug, tej zaum, mus los ntawm metro yog tseem muaj kev ruaj ntseg thiab nyiaj txiag, nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm tsis tsuas yog nyiaj txiag, tab sis kuj koj lub sij hawm. Tsis tas li ntawd, ib feem ntawm Madrid lub xov tooj kuj yog ib qho keeb kwm lub tsev khaws puav pheej thiab ib lub xov tooj uas yuav kos npe rau thawj 100 xyoo hauv ib qho tsawg tshaj tsib xyoos.
Tob zaj dab neeg
Hnub pib ntawm txoj kab kev pib ntawm Madrid thiab nyob hauv tag nrho Mev - Lub Kaum Hli Ntuj 17, 1919, yog ib txoj kev 3.5 km ntawm 8 qhov chaw. Thiab tunnels heev compact, qhov ntev ntawm qhov tsis sib xws tsis tshaj 60 m, thiab dav ntawm khiav yog 1445 mm. Los ntawm 1936 Madrid xov xwm twb tau 3 kab thiab txuas nrog lub chaw nres tsheb railway. Thaum lub sijhawm kev tsov kev rog hauv tebchaws Spain, cov chaw noj qab haus dej tau ua haujlwm rau cov chaw tawg rog. Hauv xyoo 1944, ceg plaub ceg tau pib, thiab nyob rau hauv lub nroog ntawd lub nroog thiab lub suburb twb tau txuas nrog. Hauv xyoo 2007, peb ceg ntoo ntawm "teeb metro" tau qhib. Yog li ntawd lawv hu rau high-speed trams uas khiav raws qhov saum npoo, qee sij hawm nqis mus rau hauv av, thaum nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau hloov kab lis kev cai khoom.
Hauv Madrid subway muaj ib lub chaw nres tsheb kaw - "Chambery", nws yog hu ua ib qhov chaw nres nkoj. Nws yog ib feem ntawm thawj txoj kab, tab sis poob hauv kev tsim kho hauv xyoo 1966, vim muaj dab tsi zoo rau qhov chaw nres tsheb tom ntej. Nws tau qhib rau lub Peb Hlis 24, 2008 los ua ib qho kev kos duab hauv av hauv av.
Qhov thib ob tsev qiv ntawv hauv nroog tau tsim hauv qhov chaw nres tsheb "Karpetana" ntawm kab 6. Thaum lub sij hawm kho ntawm underground kho ntawm xyoo 2008 mus rau 2010, Muaj ntau cov neeg sawv cev ntawm cov tsiaj thiab cov fauna nyob hauv thaj chaw ntawm cov niaj hnub Madrid tam sim no yuav luag 15 plhom xyoo dhau los. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, lawv decorated lub hloov ntawm lub chaw nres tsheb.
Thawj zaug ua ntej, kuv-ob
Xov Xwm Madrid yog lub nroog thib ob uas nyob rau sab hnub poob teb chaws Europe tom qab London. Yog hais tias koj noj tag nrho ib ncig ntawm cov teb chaws Europe, ces nyob rau hauv peb qhov chaw, ob tsuas yog mus rau Moscow. Lub tswv yim dav muaj 13 kab, thiab tom kawg tau commissioned heev tsis ntev los no. Lub nroog loj txuas nrog 327 qhov chaw, muaj ob hom xov tooj cua thiab txhua xyoo thauj tshaj 600 plhom neeg.
Tag nrho cov chaw hauv xov tooj cua tau faib ua 6 thaj chaw, qhov loj tshaj plaws ntawm lawv cheeb tsam A yog ib qho chaw ntawm lub nroog - li 70% ntawm tag nrho ntev ntawm txoj kab. Cov cheeb tsam ntxiv yog North, South, West, East thiab TFM (suburbs thiab lub zos satellites). Raws li lwm qhov, txhua txoj kab subway yog qhov txawv ntawm nws cov xim thiab lub npe. Nyob rau hauv Madrid lub xov tooj cua, lub npe yog pib thaum pib thiab nres kawg. Cov kab khiav nkaum yog ib qho yooj yim kom nco qab: Daim ntawv 6 thiab 12.
Qhov ntev ntawm txoj kev noj qab haus huv ntawm qhov noj yog li 800 meters, txhua lub tsheb ciav hlau muaj 4-5 lub tsheb, tab sis ntawm cov kev nrov nrov tsis txaus los yog hmo ntuj tsawg dua rau peb.
Txhua txhua xyoo thaum pib lub Cuaj Hli Ntuj Flamenco Festival yuav siv qhov chaw ntawm cov xov tooj cua ntawm ib qho ntawm cov chaw noj mov. Ua ntej cov neeg caij tsheb rau tsib hnub, cov neeg seev cev thiab cov kws suab paj nruag ua yeeb yam, thaum lub chaw nres tsheb tuaj yeem saib cov neeg saib xyuas mus rau ib nrab thiab ib nrab txhiab tus neeg.
Yuav ua li cas siv thiab tsis tau poob hauv Madrid subro?
Cov xuab moos hauv Madrid - txhua hnub thaum 6 teev sawv ntxov txog 1:30 sawv ntxov. Hauv lub ncov sijhawm, cov sijhawm ntawm cov tsheb ciav hlau tsuas yog 2 feeb xwb, thiab los ntawm kev kaw los yog hnub vas xaum nws twb yog 15 feeb. Hauv ntau qhov chaw, cov txheej txheem ntawm cov lus taw kev sib txawv yog txawv. Kev hloov ntawm ib thaj chaw mus rau lwm tus yuav tsum tau hloov.
Nws yog qhov tseem ceeb uas cov tsheb ciav hlau nyob hauv lub tshav pob no yog sab laug sab, tsuas yog rau qhov kawg ntawm Madrid, thiaj li mus rau lwm qhov pov npav nws yog ib qho tsim nyog siv ib qho los yog ib ntiv taw (tsis yog tag nrho cov chaw muaj kev tawm tsam). Ib qho tseem ceeb hauv lub subway system yog "Salida" - txhais ua lus Hmoob txhais tau tias "tawm". Txhua qhov chaw nres tsheb muaj ib daim ntawv qhia kev subway thiab tus taw kev hla, thiab cov lus qhia ntxaws txog ntau qhov chaw ntawm lub taub hau.
Ib qho ntxiv tseem ceeb: tsis yog txhua lub tsheb qhib cia, qee zaus koj yuav tsum nias lub khawm, thiab tsawg dua - tig lub qhov rooj kov, ceev faj. Tsis tas li ntawd nyob rau hauv lub tsheb tsis yeej ib txwm tshaj tawm lub chaw nres tsheb, rau koj siv muaj luminous panels thiab ib tug qauv qauv.
Koj yuav tsum paub tias ntxiv nrog rau hom lus Mev ntawm lub vev xaib thiab hauv cov tshev hluav taws xob koj tuaj yeem xam nrog Lus Askiv. Tab sis nws yog tsis tau mus nrhiav ib daim duab los yog subway tswvyim nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab muaj.
Cov nqi hauv lub metro ntawm Madrid
Daim pib yog pib ntawm cov pib ua haujlwm thiab cov vending machine. Ntxiv mus, cov cav tov txais ntawv ntawv, npib, thiab txawm hloov qhov teeb meem. Qhov tsuas yog yog, lawv tsis quav ntsej cov nyiaj xees euro, yog li koj yuav tsum tau nrhiav lwm daim ntawv thov rau cov khoom me. Daim pib ntawm tus npau npau yog dhau ntawm qhov turnstile, nws raug coj los ntawm sab nraum qab twb nrog lub thwj rau ntawm tus neeg sau. Txhua lub sij hawm, dhau ntawm qhov turnstile, ib qho chaw twg yog sau los ntawm qhov pib.
Ib lub tsheb ciav hlau yog € 1.5, cov menyuam yaus tsis tau muaj 4 xyoos yog dawb xwb. Qhov zoo tshaj yuav mus yuav ib daim pib mus sai sai rau 10 tawm mus ncig lub nroog rau € 11.2, nws yuav tuaj yeem pheej yig dua. Kev twv daim ntawv no tsis tas sijhawm, thiab nws tuaj yeem xa mus rau lwm tus neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws uasi. Yog tias koj mus rau lub tshav dav hlau, koj yuav tau them ib qho ntxiv € 1,5 ntxiv. Nyob rau hauv xws li tsheb nqaj hlau, raws li ib txoj cai, muaj ib tug xws li, leej twg muaj peev xwm qhia tus nqi ntawm lub tub ceev xwm nyob rau hauv Madrid thiab lub sijhawm ntawm kev ua hauj lwm, yog tias koj tsis nco qab. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum khaws daim pib mus txog thaum kawg ntawm kev mus ncig.
Tourists, xav ua kom pom ntau yam ntawm attractions, xav kom mus yuav tus hu ua Abono Turistico - neeg ncig chaw pib rau 1,2,3,5 thiab 7 hnub. Kev taug kev rau 7 hnub yuav raug nqi koj € 70.80. Nws siv tau rau txhua hom kev thauj mus los hauv cheeb tsam A, incl. thiab nyob rau hauv Madrid lub subro, tsuas yog rau lub nroog tsheb tavxij. Thaum muas xws li ib daim pib, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los qhia
Cov ntsiab lus nthuav:
- tag nrho thoob lub ntiaj teb ob radial rings muaj tsuas Madrid thiab Tokyo;
- qhov chaw nres tsheb tshaj plaws yog 49 meters hauv av;
- koj tsis tas txhawj txog ntau npaum li cas ua haujlwm hauv lub nroog Madrid, vim tias Tom qab kaw nws lub npav, cov npav hmo hmo tshwj xeeb;
- chaw nyob hauv qis qis, yog tias koj qhov siab siab tshaj 178 cm - ceev faj.