Lub chaw ua hauj lwm ntawm endocrine system yog yuav luag pom rau tib neeg, tab sis yog qhov tseem ceeb rau txoj hauj lwm ntawm tag nrho cov kab mob. Kev ntsuam xyuas nws cov kev ua, nws yuav tsum ua tib zoo tshuaj xyuas cov thyroid hormones - cov qauv ntawm cov qauv no feem ntau qhia nyob rau hauv daim ntawv nrog cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev soj ntsuam. Tab sis qhov kev txhais cov ntsiab lus yuav tsum paub txog qee qhov kev siv ntawm cov khoom biologically, lawv lub hom phiaj.
Norm thiab pathology nyob rau hauv kev soj ntsuam rau cov enzymes thiab cov thyroid hormones
Ua ntej qhov kev kuaj mob nws yog qhov tseem ceeb kom nkag siab hais tias lub thyroid caj pas nws tus kheej tsim tawm tsuas yog 2 cov tshuaj hormones:
- T3 - triiodothyronine (lub ntsiab hormone);
- T4 yog tetraiodothyronine lossis thyroxine.
Lawv yog cov tsim nyog rau kev tswj cov roj metabolism hauv lub cev, nrog rau kev tswj cov dej num ntawm cov txheej txheem xws li:
- kev mob plawv;
- kis ntawm impulses raws hlab ntsha lub cev;
- peristalsis ntawm txoj hnyuv;
- evaporation ntawm noo noo los ntawm saum npoo ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab lwm tus.
TSH (thyreotropic hormone) yog ua tau tsim nyob rau hauv pituitary (hlwb thaj tsam), thiab tsis nyob rau hauv cov thyroid caj pas. Nws muaj nyob rau hauv txoj kev tshawb no, vim TSH yog tsim nyog los tswj cov concentration ntawm T3 thiab T4 - thaum lawv qib txo, pituitary caj pas ua cov thyroid-stimulating hormone ntau dua.
Thaum txiav txim siab txog qhov triodothyronine thiab thyroxin, qhov tseem ceeb ntawm T3 thiab T4 yog qhov tseem ceeb dua, uas yog lawv tsim cov teeb meem lom biological.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas tsis tas cov thyroid hormone no zoo li qub, tab sis kuj yog lub cev tsis muaj zog rau nws cov kua roj ntsha, cov nqaijrog thiab cov nqaij. Qhov no qhia qhov concentration of antibodies (AT) rau cov nram qab no:
- TPO (thyroperoxidase) yog lub plawv enzyme ntawm cov thyroid caj pas;
- TG (thyroglobulin) - iodine-muaj protein, precursor ntawm T3 thiab T4;
- thyrotropin hormone receptors.
Tsis tas li ntawd, txoj kev tshawb nrhiav tau txhais tias:
- calcitonin - oncomarker;
- TSH (thyroxine-binding globulin) yog ib qho protein ntau.
Vim yog kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm cov concentration ntawm cov khoom xyaw biologically, saum toj no muaj ntau yam qhia tau tias:
- hypo- thiab hyperplasia ntawm lub cev ntsig txog lub cev;
- thyrotoxicosis ;
- autoimmune thyroiditis;
- hypothyroidism ;
- malignant qog.
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv rau cov thyroid hormones?
Rau kev ntseeg siab ntawm kev tshawb fawb, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau pub cov ntshav hauv cov chaw kuaj lub cev niaj hnub nrog cov khoom siv khoos kas zoo heev.
Xav seb puas tsim nyog ciam teb rau txhua lub cim qhia.
Tus txheej txheem ntawm cov thyroid hormone los ntawm Th3 (nmol / L):
- tag nrho - 1.06-3.14;
- dawb - 2.62-5.77.
Ib qho kev txo zog hauv T3 qhia tias hypothyroidism, qaug tshuaj ntawm qhov kev ua haujlwm hauv lub cev, muaj peev xwm teeb hlav cancer.
Tus qauv ntawm cov tshuaj hormones ntawm cov pituitary thiab cov thyroid caj dab TTG thiab T4 yog xam nyob rau hauv ntau chav - MED / L thiab nmol / L, feem.
Kev pom zoo rau TSH yog nyob rau hauv qhov ntau ntawm 0.47 mus rau 4.15 zib ntab / l.
Common ciaj ntawm T4:
- tag nrho - 71.23-142.25;
- dawb - 9,56-22,3.
Tsis tas li, thaum txiav txim siab ntawm kev ntsuam xyuas rau cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov thyroid hormones nyob rau hauv cov ntshav, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub cov cai ntawm AT rau TPO, TG, thiab thyrotropic hormone receptors:
- tshuaj tiv thaiv rau thyreperoxidase - tsawg dua 5.67 U / ml;
- tshuaj tiv thaiv rau thyroglobulin - titer
- tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob pTTG - tsawg dua 4 U / l.
Qhov tseeb qhov tseeb rau thyroxin-binding globulin yog los ntawm 222 mus rau 517 nmol / l.
Kev xav txog qhov kev txiav txim siab ntawm calcitonin raws li ib qho oncomarker hauv medullary (C-cellular) thyroid cancer, nws yog ua nyob rau hauv cov tsev kawm ntawv tshwj xeeb. Qhov feem ntau txhim khu kev txhim kho yog tsom teeb tsom, qhov twg ntshav tau noj tom qab tso dej tshuaj rau hauv cov kua tshuaj calcium gluconate (10%). Lub slightest nce hauv calcitonin, txawm yog 0.5 units ntau tshaj qhov siab txwv ntawm tus qauv, tej zaum yuav qhia tau hais tias muaj kev vam meej ntawm tus mob malignant.