Kab mob hauv plab hnyuv, kuj hu ua "pais plab" hauv cov neeg uas muaj neeg coob, yog tus kab mob sib kis. Nws cuam tshuam rau cov me nyuam thiab cov laus. Lub tom kawg yog ntau zaus mob hauv ib daim ntawv sib txawv. Tus kab mob no yog nrog cov tsos mob tshwm sim. Yog tias lawv raug kuaj xyuas, koj yuav tsum mus ntsib tus kws kho mob tam sim: qhov no yuav ua kom qhov txheej txheem rov qab zoo dua.
Kab mob hauv plab yog dab tsi?
Tus kab mob no kis tau zoo heev. Feem ntau lawv yog cov menyuam muaj hnub nyoog qis dua 3 xyoos, thiab nyob rau hauv pab pawg uas muaj feem xyuam yuav yog cov menyuam yaus pub dawb. Raws li kev txheeb cais, thaum muaj hnub nyoog 17 xyoos, 90% ntawm cov neeg hauv cov ntshav muaj cov tshuaj tua kab mob rau cov neeg mob khaub thuas. Qhov tseeb no qhia tau hais tias lawv txhua tus tau raug kab mob thaum muaj hnub nyoog dhau los.
Kabmob tshwjxeeb yog rotavirus plab hnyuv npog rau tej pawg tibneeg:
- cov neeg uas coj glucocorticoids lossis cytotoxic drugs;
- oncological cov neeg mob;
- HIV-kis tau;
- cov poj niam thaum lub sij hawm muaj hnub nyoog ntawm gestation;
- cov neeg rau leej twg hauv nruab nrog cev tau hloov;
- cov neeg raug kev txom nyem los ntawm cov kab mob kev nkeeg.
Tsis tas li, kab mob khaub thuas hnyuv yog tus kab mob uas feem ntau tawm tsam neeg ncig. Vim muaj kev hloov pauv hauv cheeb tsam huab cua thiab kev hloov mus rau kev noj haus tsis zoo, lub cev tsis muaj zog. Yog li ntawd, pathogens unhindered reproduce nyob rau hauv intestine. Tus kab mob no kuj raug rau cov neeg laus, vim hais tias nyob rau lub hnub nyoog no, nce ntxiv kev tiv thaiv kabmob, thiab ua kom muaj ntau yam kabmob.
Kab mob hnoos hawb pob yog tus neeg sawv cev
Tus kab mob no yog cov neeg raug mob los ntawm cov neeg sawv cev uas mob siab nyob hauv lub hlwb ntawm cov epithelium ntawm cov hnyuv. Hauv 90% ntawm tus neeg mob, mob khaub thuas hnyuv yog los ntawm rotavirus. Nws tau pom thawj zaug nyob rau hauv 70s ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem nyob rau hauv lub hlwb ntawm epithelium ntawm cov me nyuam, uas tuag vim yog mob gastroenteritis. Lub virion ntawm tus kab mob zoo li lub duab ntawm ib lub log. Inside nws yog ib qho RNA molecule uas muaj cov lus qhia ntawm cov ntaub ntawv. Sab nraum, qhov virion yog them nrog ib lub tsho tiv thiav protein multilayered nrog receptors. Nrog kev pab ntawm cov kab mob no khi rau lub hlwb ntawm lub epithelium ntawm oropharynx thiab intestine. Tom qab ntawd lawv nkag mus rau hauv cov ntshav.
Hauv seem ntawm 10% ntawm tus neeg mob, mob plab hnyuv npog yuav ua rau cov kab mob xws li kab mob thiab kab mob:
- salmonella ;
- adenoviruses;
- shigella;
- norovirus;
- E. coli ;
- calicivirus.
Kab mob hauv plab yog li cas?
Muaj ntau txoj kev kis tus kab mob. Ntawm no yog qhov uas tus kab mob rotavirus tau pauv li cas:
- los ntawm kev qias neeg txhais tes;
- nrog cov khoom noj thiab dej haus (tus kab mob tsis tuag txawm nyob qis dua);
- nrog rau cov qaub ncaug;
- nrog cov quav.
Tus kab mob no heev resistant rau acids, yog li nws yooj yim ncav lub duodenum. Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm lub cev ntawm lub plab yog qhov enzymatic digestion ntawm cov khoom noj thiab lub nqus ntawm cov lus me tshaj plaws rau hauv cov ntshav. Lub sab hauv ntawm cov hnyuv npog nrog villi hlua nrog enterocytes. Taw rau cov hlwb hauv qab, tus kab mob voos ntim nws lub hnab ntawv. Tom qab, nws xa cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm (RNA) rau cov tub ntxhais ntawm cov "ntes" ntawm tes. Yog li ntawd, qhov no ua rau kev sib cais ntawm tag nrho cov txheej txheem tsis tu ncua, thiab yav tom ntej - kom tawg ntawm membrane thiab tuag ntawm enterocyte.
Nyob rau hauv tib lub scenario, kab mob thiab tuag ntawm hlwb nyob sib ze tshwm sim. Vim li no, cov zaub mov uas nkag rau hauv cov hnyuv yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv ib qho kev li qub. Tsis tas li ntawd, nyob rau hauv no hloov ntawm digestive ib ntsuj av, disaccharides accumulate, txuas salts thiab dej. Tag nrho cov dej sib tov no raug muab tshem tawm ntawm lub cev, ua rau lub cev qhuav dej: tus neeg xav tias muaj kev sib tawg.
Kab mob khaub thuas Intestinal - lub sijhawm ua haujlwm
Lub sijhawm no tsuas yog los ntawm lub sijhawm uas tus neeg sawv cev nkag mus rau hauv lub cev mus rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm thawj cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob. Feem ntau hu ua lub sijhawm latent. Lub sij hawm thev thawj lub cev thev naus lauslub yog luv luv: ntau zaus nws ntev li 24-48 teev. Tom qab qhov no, muaj ib qho kev mob ceev, lub sijhawm nws txawv ntawm 3 mus rau 7 hnub. Rov qab qis dua 4-5 hnub.
Npaum li cas yog mob hnyuv?
Tus kab mob no kis tau zoo heev. Cov kab mob yog cov kab mob nyob rau sab nrauv, uas ua rau qhov teeb meem loj tuaj. Cov tshuaj tua kab mob zoo tshaj plaws yog 70% cawv daws cawv. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov neeg ua hauj lawm puas tsuaj thaum lub caij ua haujlwm. Ntawm no yog qhov ntau npaum li cas qhov kab mob rotavirus yog kis tau (yog tias tsis mus nqa cov tshuaj tua kab mob):
- ntawm daim tawv nqaij ntawm txhais tes - txog 4 teev;
- hauv ib puag ncig sab nrauv (ntawm cov khoom ua si, khoom siv hauv tsev, hauv cov pa) - 2-3 lub lis piam.
Cov tsos mob hauv plab hnyuv txhaws
Daim duab kab mob yuav txawv me ntsis nyob ntawm theem ntawm tus kab mob. Thaum thawj theem, cov tsos mob rotavirus yog raws li nram no:
- lub cev kub tshaj 38 °, nrog kev ua npaws thiab kub cev;
- mob taub hau;
- tsis qab los noj mov;
- mob plab;
- ntuav;
- darkening ntawm zis;
- mob raws plab (txog 20 zaus ib hnub);
- qhov tseeb ntawm cov feces, ntshav streaks yuav tuaj nyob rau hauv nws;
- Kev tsim txom hauv caj pas;
- qhuav hnoos;
- mob thaum nqos tau.
Ob peb hnub tom qab qhov teeb meem no lawm zuj zus tuaj. Lub sijhawm ntawd tseem tau ntxiv cov cim xws li cov kab mob rotavirus:
- qhov poob siab;
- daim tawv nqaij ua daj ntseg;
- pom muaj nyob hauv lub cev qhov hnyav;
- lactose intolerance yuav tshwm sim.
Kev ntsuam xyuas kabmob ntsaws (Rotavirus)
Thaum tus kab mob hnyuv pib tshwm sim, koj yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob sai li sai tau (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias tus menyuam muaj mob, cev xeeb tub los yog tus neeg muaj kev tiv thaiv kab mob hauv lub cev). Ua ntej, tus kws kho mob yuav ua tib zoo tshuaj xyuas tus neeg mob, thiab tom qab ntawd nws yuav pom zoo kom nws ua qhov kev ntsuam xyuas kab mob rotavirus, uas yog cov khoom uas tau kawm yog feces. Cov txiaj ntsim zoo tau qhia hais tias qhov kev kuaj mob tau paub tseeb. Ua ib qho kev ntsuam xyuas ntxiv, tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem pom zoo kom siv cov kev ntsuam xyuas no:
- ntshav - yog hais tias tus neeg mob muaj tus kab mob hauv plab hnyuv, qhov txheeb xyuas tau yuav pom cov ntsiab lus ntawm leukocytes;
- zis - nws muaj peev xwm pom muaj protein ntau, khoob khees pob txha, erythrocytes thiab leukocytes.
Rotavirus - kev kho mob
Txoj kev kho nyob rau hauv cov neeg mob uas muaj tus kab mob no yog symptomatic. Txog rau hnub tim, tsis muaj tshuaj yeeb uas yog sib ntaus sib tua tshwj xeeb nrog tus kab mob no. Vim li no, tus kws kho mob muab cov tshuaj noj, suav nrog cov xwm txheej ntawm tus neeg mob. Nws paub yuav ua li cas rau kev kho mob rotavirus, yog li ntawd tus kab mob sai li sai tau receded, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los siv nws cov lus pom zoo. Txoj kev kho ntawm tus kab mob no yuav tsum muaj kev qhia. Nws muaj xws li cov lus qhia:
- cais tawm ntawm tus neeg mob thiab kev pw so;
- restoration ntawm dej-electrolyte tshuav nyiaj li cas;
- tshem tawm kev qaug;
- txhawb kev tiv thaiv ;
- kev noj tshuaj;
- tshem tawm ntawm kev mob.
Tshuaj rau kab mob hauv plab hnyuv
Tshuaj kho nyob rau hauv txhua qhov teeb meem yuav txawv, vim hais tias nws ncaj qha nyob ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub chav kawm ntawm tus kab mob. Vim li no, ua ntej tus kabmob plab hnyuv raug kho, tus kws kho mob kuj qhia rau tus neeg mob kom rov kuaj ntxiv. Ntau zaus thaum txoj kev kho mob tau muab cov tshuaj xws li:
- sorbents (Enterosgel, Smecta, activated carbon);
- probiotic preparations (Hilak Forte, Bifiform, Bifidumbacterin Forte);
- khoom noj khoom haus enzymes (Pancreatin, Creon);
- cov khoom ntawm electrolytes ( Regidron , Trisol, Lactasol);
- antipyretics (Nurofen, Tom ntej), tab sis yog hais tias rotavirus yam tsis sov li tej tshuaj tsis sau tseg;
- yeeb tshuaj tiv thaiv (Sinekod, Bromheksin, Bronholitin);
- antispasmodics (Tsis yog-spa, Spasmalgon);
- cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob (Cycloferon, Kagocel, Cytovir).
Rotavirus - noj haus
Yuav kom tau tus kab mob kom sai li sai tau, tus neeg mob yuav tsum noj kom zoo. Los ntawm kev noj haus koj yuav tsum tau tshem tawm xws li cov zaub mov:
- mis nyuj thiab fermented mis nyuj;
- khoom qab zib;
- hmoov nplej;
- fatty nqaij thiab ntses;
- cov khoom haus luam yeeb;
- kib zaub mov;
- Pickles;
- cawv;
- vas nthiv zaub mov;
- ntsim tais diav.
Noj cov kab mob hauv plab hnyuv npaws txhais tau hais tias lub xub ntiag nyob rau hauv kev noj haus ntawm cov khoom noj xws li:
- zaub purees;
- porridges boiled on dej (buckwheat, mov);
- zaub txhwb qaib;
- tsawg-rog broth;
- ci apples;
- bananas;
- rye crumbs;
- cov nqaij hau thiab cov ntses muaj roj tsawg.
Cov khoom noj yuav tsum yog ib feem. Cov khoom noj kom tsawg zaus yog 6-8 zaus ib hnub thiab me me. Koj yuav tsum tau haus dej haus tsawg kawg yog 2 liters ntawm ib hnub twg. Ua li no, qab zib dub (tsis muaj zog), Txoj kev lis ntshav ntawm raspberry, dogrose los yog currant yog haum. Tsis tas li ntawd, oats thiab nplej broths zoo nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no: lawv yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv starch, yog li lawv envelop lub phab ntsa ntawm lub plab thiab tiv thaiv nws los ntawm kev puas tsuaj.
Kev tiv thaiv kab mob hauv plab hnyuv
Tej kab mob yog yooj yim dua kom tiv thaiv tsis tau kho. Qhov no kuj muaj tseeb rau qhov hnyuv npaws. Ib qho ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm tiv thaiv zoo tshaj yog txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob rotavirus. Muaj lwm yam kev ntsuas los tiv thaiv kab mob:
- cais ntawm tus neeg mob;
- haus dej haus zoo xwb;
- cov khoom noj yuav tsum tau npaj los ntawm cov khoom tshiab, tab tom ua kom txaus los kho cov cua sov;
- nquag ntxuav tes (tom qab ntawm txoj kev, tso quav, chaw rau pej xeem, ua ntej noj mov thiab lwm yam);
- ua ntej yuav muab cov zaub tshiab tsau rau 10 feeb rau hauv 3% kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo, ces yaug nrog dej huv;
- ntub dej tsis tu ncua hauv chav;
- ntxiv dag zog rau kev tiv thaiv;
- tso tseg cov cwj pwm phem;
- kev tiv thaiv ntawm rotavirus nyob rau hauv ib tsev neeg uas muaj mob hnyuv npaws, muaj nyob rau hauv kev tu cev kom zoo ntawm cov khoom siv rau pej xeem.