Yuav kom tau txais cov txiaj ntsim kev ntseeg, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom ua raws li cov cai hauv qab no ua ntej dhau qhov kev xeem:
- yws tawm rau 1-2 hnub ntawm kev sib deev com;
- tsis kam noj tshuaj, douching (yog nws tsis pom zoo nrog tus kws kho mob);
- qhov tso zis kawg ua ntej yuav siv qhov tsawg kawg yog 2 teev;
- Tus smear tsis surrender ntawm plentiful inflammatory faib.
Nws raug nquahu kom coj tus cwj mem kua rau cytology kwv yees nyob rau hnub tim 4th - 5th ntawm lub cev ntas.
Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev noj ib lub smear rau cyology
Cov txheej txheem rau kev noj cov tshuaj yog tsis mob thiab siv sijhawm li ob peb seconds. Ib qho cytological smear yog tshwm sim los ntawm qhov chaw mos ntawm lub ncauj tsev menyuam, zoo li ntawm qhov chaw mos ntawm ncauj tsev menyuam. Rau qhov no, siv cov duav tshwj xeeb siv. Cov qauv muab tso rau hauv iav thiab xa mus rau qhov chaw kuaj ntshav. Muaj, cov khoom yog dyed raws li lub Pap smear, qhuav, soj ntsuam nyob rau hauv ib lub tshuab.
Kawm thiab smear cov ntsiab lus ntawm cyology
Thaum tshawb fawb ib lub smear rau cyology, kev ntsuam xyuas yog tsim los ntawm qhov loj, cov duab, thiab hom ntawm qhov chaw nyob ntawm tes. Ntxiv nrog rau kev kuaj mob cellular abnormalities, deciphering ib smear rau cyology yuav qhia tau hais tias muaj ib tug xov tooj ntawm teeb meem microorganisms.
Lub ncauj tsev menyuam tau muaj ob hom epithelium: ib lub tiaj (multilayered) siv nws qhov chaw mos, thiab ib qho cylindrical (ib leeg-ntim) ntawm lub ncauj tsev menyuam ntawm lub ncauj tsev menyuam txuas rau ntawm lub tsev menyuam.
Tus qauv ntawm smear rau cyology yog qhov tsis zoo. Yog li, tag nrho cov qog muaj qhov zoo li qub, qhov loj thiab qhov chaw, tsis muaj cov neeg mob hauv hlwb (pathological).
Cia peb sim paub seb qhov smear rau cyology qhia li cas. Muaj tsib hom kev tshwm sim ntawm qhov kev ntsuam xyuas no (raws li Pap test):
- Tus qauv ntawm tes, cytology tsis muaj singularities. Qhov no txhais tau tias tus poj niam muaj kev noj qab nyob zoo.
- Inflammatory hom smear rau cyology. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, nws muaj cov kev hloov me me hauv cov qauv ntawm lub hlwb vim muaj tus mob inflammation. Qhov kev paub ntawm tus mob nyob rau hauv lub smear ntawm cytology qhia tias yuav tsum tau mus soj ntsuam ntxiv kom paub cov pathogen.
- Muaj ntawm cov qe menyuam yaus uas muaj kev txawv txav hloov nuclei (mob me, mob hnyav, lossis mob hnyav). Hauv qhov teeb meem no, koj yuav tau rov qab coj tus smear los yog kev ntsuam xyuas keeb kwm ntawm qhov hloov ntaub so ntswg.
- Pom tau cov kev hloov hauv lub keeb, chromosome thiab cytoplasm ntawm ob peb lub hlwb (xav tias kev tsim kom muaj cancerous). Ib txoj kab nrog ib txoj hnyuv ntawm ib qho kev xav ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg yog qhov tsim nyog.
- Nrhiav kom muaj ntau tus kabmob kheesxaws hauv cov pleev. Tus neeg mob yuav tsum tau xa mus rau tus kws kho mob oncologist.
Feem ntau qhov kev tshwm sim ntawm qhov kev tshuaj ntsuam yog npaj txhij rau hnub thib ob tom qab noj lub smear rau cyology. Qhov kev ntsuam xyuas no yog qhov yooj yim thiab qhia txog kev kuaj mob cancer.
Smear ntawm lub qhov ntswg mus rau cyology
Thaum kuaj pom mob ntawm rhinitis, cyology ntawm qhov ntswg qhov ua tawm ntawm qhov ntswg yog nqa tawm - smear los ntawm lub qhov ntswg. Ntawm cov kab xo microscopy, dab tsi txawb hauv lub qhov ntswg. Lub predominance ntawm neutrophils qhia tau hais tias tus mob inflammation. Yog tias ntau tshaj 15% ntawm cov qe ntshav hauv cov yeeb yuj raug sawv cev los ntawm eosinophils, ces tus allergic rhinitis. Lub predominance ntawm lub hlwb epithelial qhia tau hais tias muaj kev pom zoo ntxiv ntawm cov hnoos.