Kev hnoos yog qhov tshwm sim uas tshwm sim los ntawm kev khaus ntawm txoj hlab ntsws vim yog sab nraud los yog vim muaj kab mob. Nug cov lus nug, yuav ua li cas kho ib tus neeg laus hnoos hnyav, koj yuav tsum paub thawj hom hnoos thiab vim li cas nws ho sawv, vim qhov kev xaiv ntawm txoj kev kho mob nyob ntawm qhov no.
Hom mob hnoos hauv laus - ua rau thiab kho mob
Ib qho hnoos hnoos zoo li hauv cov lus teb rau cov nyhuv ntawm cov hnoos zaub mov thaj tsam nyob rau hauv lub qhov dej ntawm ntau qhov chaw ntawm txoj hlab pas, feem ntau cov mob plawv thiab bronchi. Ua pa tob tob, kaw qhov glottis thiab cov leeg nruj, tom qab uas cov cua ntws tawm ntawm lub cev tawm hauv cov lus qhib suab nrov nrov. Qhov no yuav pab kom ntxuav cov kab mob hauv lub cev los ntawm cov hnoos qeev, pus los sis txawv teb chaws.
Cov tshuaj hnoos tawm tuaj yeem txob taus vim yog cov hauv paus tseem ceeb nram qab no:
- mechanical (hmoov av, stenosis, o ntawm cov hlab ntsws thiab cov khoom nyob ze, aortic aneurysm, loj dua atrium, cov thyroid caj pas);
- tshuaj (nqhis dej ntawm cov kua nplaum thiab khaus khaus, ua rau lub plab ntim hauv cov pa ntsws);
- thermal (nqus pa los yog kub cua, nqaim);
- inflammatory tshua hauv cov nqaij ntawm txoj hlab ntsws (edema, hyperemia, exudation, ntau zais ntawm hlwb).
Thaum txiav txim siab tias yuav kho tus mob hnyav npaum li cas hauv ib tus neeg laus, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los faib nws cov ntau yam. Rau qhov no, lub sij hawm uas tshwm sim thiab ntev, kev khov, khoom tsim tau (muaj hnoos qeev thiab nws tus cwj pwm), nrov, timbre raug kwv yees. Ntxiv mus, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub txog kev sib raug zoo ntawm kev hnoos thiab kev noj zaub mov, kev poob siab los yog lwm yam kev kub ntxhov, kom pom tias muaj cov kab mob sib kis.
Mob hnoos qhuav heev hauv ib tus neeg laus
Ib qho hnoos qhuav heev yog qhov hnoos khaus, tsis hnoos tsis tau, uas tsis ua hnoos qeev thiab uas tsis tuaj yeem pab daws. Hom kab mob hnoos no tuaj yeem ua rau kev qaug zog, qaug zog, qaug zog, nrog rau kev hnov mob hauv lub caj pas, kev txhaws suab ntawm lub suab. Feem ntau cov hnoos qhuav no tshwm sim, thiab cov kev tawm tsam tuaj yeem muab kev ntxub ntxaug los ntawm kev sib tham, nqus pa los yog kuab huab cua. Tshaj dua los kho ib qho mob hnoos qhuav, nyob ntawm seb vim li cas, thiab lawv tuaj yeem ua raws li hauv qab no:
- Mob inflammation ntawm kev ua pa (laryngitis, tracheitis, bronchitis, mob ntsws oob khab thiab lwm yam);
- tuberculosis ;
- Kev tsis haum tshuaj (ntawm tsev neeg, khoom noj khoom haus, paj ntoos, epidermal thiab lwm yam stimuli);
- noj cov tshuaj (raws li kev phiv tshuaj);
- nkag mus ntawm txawv teb chaws lub cev rau hauv txoj hlab ntsws;
- nqus cov pa roj ntsha (nrog rau cov pa luam yeeb);
- kab mob parasitic (xws li, ascariasis nrog nkag mus ntawm helminth larvae rau hauv lub bronchi);
- kab mob plawv ("mob ntswg hnoos");
- rov qab muaj kab mob ntawm lub plab ("hnoos hnoos");
- nce nyob rau hauv cov thyroid caj pas.
Hnyav hnoos heev
Ib qho hnoos heev nrog hnoos qeev feem ntau hloov hnoos qhuav hnoos nrog infectious inflammatory respiratory pathologies, uas tau pom hauv thawj zaug rau ntawm cov kab mob no. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov ua rau ntub hnoos rau hauv cov neeg laus tuaj yeem txuam nrog cov mob hauv qab no:
- rhinitis, sinusitis ;
- bronchial hawb pob;
- tuberculosis;
- kev tsis haum.
Los ntawm hom hnoos qeev, koj tuaj yeem tsim ib qho kev paub tseeb tseeb:
- tshaj - tracheitis, mob ntsws mob ntsws;
- khov, ntom, tsis pom zoo - qhov ntswg ntsws ntsws;
- nrog rau cov ntsiab lus ntawm pus - kab mob bacterial infections, ntsws abscess;
- nrog rau kev pleev ntawm ntshav - tuberculosis;
- nrog ib qho "rusty" hue - mob ntsws (pneumonia).
Mob hnoos thiab ua npaws
Qhov tseeb qhov teeb meem nyob rau hauv lub caij txias rau lub xyoo yog tshaj rau kev kho ib tug hnoos heev nyob rau hauv ib tug neeg laus, nrog rau kub cev. Cov tsos mob no feem ntau qhia tau tias tus kab mob kis tau tus kab mob uas lub cev sib kis, nrog rau kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, lub siab dua qhov kub, qhov ntau lub hlwb tsim, uas tiv thaiv kev mob ntawm tus kab mob. Yog li, tsis txhob maj mus nqa qhov kub, yog hais tias ib tug neeg feem ntau tolerates nws.
Hauv qee zaum, muaj ib qho hnoos heev ua ntej ntuav. Lub hauv paus ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm qhov ncauj qhov ncauj tawm hauv qhov hnoos kom haum yog txuam nrog cov tsos mob ntawm tus neeg nyob sab nrauv uas nyob hauv phab ntsa ntawm caj pas. Thaum cov cheeb tsam no khaus qhov hnoos qog no, cov teeb meem xa mus rau lub hlwb, los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv kis tau los ntawm cov fibers ntawm cov hlab ntaws vagus los ua ib lub thev ntawm diaphragm thiab cov leeg ntawm cov leeg ntawm lub plab. Yog li ntawm lub ncov ntawm ib qhov hnoos taus muaj ntuav. Xws li cov tsos mob tshwm sim nyob rau hauv hnyav haus, nrog rau ntau yam kab mob sib kis, mob hnoos hawb pob.
Mob hnoos tsis heev uas tsis kub ib ce
Yog tias hnoos heev tsis sov li hauv ib tus neeg laus, feem ntau nws tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov kab mob kis tau yooj yim. Txawm li cas los xij, xws li ib qho kev kos npe yuav qhia tau cov kev mob ntawm cov kab mob nyob rau hauv txoj hlab pas, uas lub cev tsis teb nrog kev kub ntxhov. Allergic kab mob, pathologies ntawm digestive, endocrine thiab hlab plawv systems ua los ntawm hnoos reflex yog tsis nrog nws kub. Ntawm qhov ua rau tuaj yeem yog qhov hnoos ntawm qhov keeb kwm ntawm lub hlwb (psychogenic), tshwm tawm tsam cov keeb kwm ntawm kev puas siab puas ntsws.
Muaj zog hnoos thaum tsaus ntuj
Thaum muaj hnoos hnoos rau hauv ib tug neeg laus thaum hmo ntuj, qhov ua rau tuaj yeem ua rau lub qhov ntswg ntawm hnoos pob txig hnoos nrog tus kab mob ntsws. Nrog ib tug qhuav hnoos tsis tau cais tawm kab mob plawv - arrhythmia, lub plawv tsis ua hauj lwm thiab lwm tus neeg. Ib qho kev txawv txav ntawm "lub plawv hnoos" yog tias thaum nruab hnub nws tsis tuaj, thiab hmo ntuj muaj qaug dab peg, uas yog cuam tshuam nrog kev ua txhaum ntawm ntshav thiab stagnation ntawm cov ntshav hauv lub ntsws. Ntxiv mus, hmo hnoos muaj rau cov neeg mob uas muaj tus kab mob gastroesophageal reflux, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum noj mov ua ntej yuav mus pw.
Ua rau pheej hnoos rau cov neeg laus
Yog tias muaj kev hnoos hnoos hawb pob tsis ntev dhau los, nws tuaj yeem tshwm sim vim yog tsis zoo los yog tsis zoo rau tus kab mob uas ua rau muaj tus kab mob no. Tej zaum yuav muaj ntau hom kab mob ntev - ob qho tib si uas muaj kab mob hauv lub cev thiab cov uas muaj kev sib tw ntawm lwm yam kabmob. Cov kab mob uas tsis hla dhau hwv yog feem ntau pom hauv cov neeg haus luam yeeb, cov neeg muaj kab mob kev ua haujlwm ntawm txoj hlab ntsws thiab nyob hauv cheeb tsam thaj tsam tsis zoo.
Ua ntej yuav hnoos hnoos rau hauv ib tus neeg laus, koj yuav tsum tau mus ntsib ib tus kws kho mob thiab coj tus kab mob ntawm lub cev, vim qhov no tshwm sim tau ntawm cov kab mob txaus ntshai xws li:
- tuberculosis;
- mob cancer;
- pathology ntawm lub plawv thiab cov hlab ntsha;
- hawb pob;
- obstructive pulmonary disease ;
- lub plawv tsis ua haujlwm;
- aspergillosis.
Yuav ua li cas nrog ib tug muaj zog hnoos?
Yuav kom txiav txim siab seb yuav kho qhov hnoos heev npaum li cas, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub txog nws txoj kev mob, uas ntau zaus yuav ua tau tsuas yog kev pab ntawm cov kws kho mob tshwj xeeb. Tsis tsim muaj tus kab mob thiab xyaum tu yus tus kheej, koj tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev txhawj xeeb ntxiv, tso tawm ib qho kev mob ntsig txog tus neeg uas tsis muaj kev kawm kho mob. Yog li, txoj kev kho kom tseeb tshaj plaws yog qhov chaw nyob ntxov rau ib tus kws kho mob uas yuav sau ntawv yuav kho tus mob hnyav.
Yuav ua li cas kom tshem tawm cov kev hnoos hawb pob ntawm tus neeg laus?
Thaum raug mob hnyav hnoos los ntawm kev ua ntse ntse, hloov hauv plawv dhia, ua tsis taus pa, tsaus muag, koj yuav tsum hu rau lub tsheb thauj neeg mob. Yog tias tus kab mob tshwm sim los ntawm kev mob ntsws asthma, thiab tus neeg mob paub txog kev kuaj mob ntawm qhov mob, nws yuav tsum siv cov tshuaj uas tus kws kho mob hais kom hnoos tau hnoos (hnoos hawb pob). Muaj ob peb txoj kev uas tsis muaj kev quav tshuaj kom txo tau qhov haum ntawm hnoos nrog tus mob ntawm txoj hlab ntsws:
- haus dej sov tshuaj yej, dej los yog mis nyuj nrog me me me me;
- ua tib zoo nquam noj cov khob cij thiab nqos (pab cov hnoos qeev);
- kom yaj txhua cov khoom qab zib, zoo dua nrog mint, eucalyptus, sage.
Npaj rau hnoos
Thaum xaiv cov tshuaj, dua li kho ib qho hnyav qhuav los yog ntub dej hnoos rau hauv ib tus neeg laus, tus kws kho mob yuav tsum khaws cov ntaub ntawv tau txais tom qab lub cev ntsws ntawm lub ntsws thiab kuaj kab mob ntsws, xoo hluav taws xob, hnoos qeev, thiab ntshav. Cov tshuaj uas feem ntau siv rau kev kho mob ntawm cov kab mob nrog rau kev hnoos hawb pob, muab faib rau cov pawg hauv qab no:
- mucolytics (liquefying phlegm) - acetylcysteine, bromhexine, ambroxol, chymotrypsin;
- expectorant (tsim tawm lub sij hawm ntawm mucus) - thermopsis, althea keeb kwm, licorice, tshuaj ntsuab thyme;
- antitussive (thaiv qhov hnoos ua tsis zoo) - ntsiav tshuaj los ntawm hnoos nrog cov codeine, butamate, ethylmorphine;
- bronchodilators (txo bronchospasm) - salbutamol, theophylline, berodual.
Hnoos hnoos
Ib txoj kev zoo ntawm txoj kev kho mob ntau zaus yog kev nqus dej , uas pab kom xa cov tshuaj ncaj qha mus rau qhov chaw mob, ua kom moisturizing cov mucous membranes ntawm txoj hlab ntsws thiab kev txhim kho hnoos qeev. Rau cov txheej txheem nws yog ntshaw kom siv niaj hnub siv - nebulizers. Qhov kev daws rau nqus tau los ntawm hnoos yog xaiv nyob ntawm seb hom kab mob. Feem ntau, cov cuab yeej hauv qab no yog siv:
- saline, dej ntxhia dej;
- bronchodilators (Berotek, Ventolin);
- mucolytics (Ambrobene, ATSTS);
- anti-inflammatory tshuaj (Pulmicort, Kromogeksal);
- antiseptics (Miramistin, Dioxydin).
Kev kho mob ntawm hnoos nrog pej xeem tshuaj
Ntawm qhov ntau hom kev ua pej xeem tuaj yeem txheeb tau cov tshuaj tua kab mob nrog txiv tsawb thiab zib ntab - yooj yim thiab pheej yig txoj kev, siv rau ntau hom kev hnoos. Xws li ib tug cua cov kev pab cuam los ntawm nws cov hnab ntawv, softening, anti-inflammatory kev txiav txim, abundance nyob rau hauv lub Cheebtsam ntawm kab kawm thiab cov vitamins.
Tshuaj txhais tau tias
Cov khoom xyaw :
- txiv tsawb - 1 daim;
- zib mu - 1 teaspoonful. diav.
Npaj thiab siv
- Mash cov txiv tsawb hauv ib lub mash.
- Ntxiv zib mu.
- Muab lub cev muaj pes tsawg leeg rau ntawm lub qhov hluav taws kub qeeb thiab rhaub, stirring tas li.
- Tom qab 5-10 feeb, thaum sib tov hloov tsaus kub, tua tawm qhov hluav taws kub.
- Noj plaub zaug ib hnub ib teev ua ntej noj mov lossis ib teev tom qab noj mov.
- Lub chav kho mob yog 7-10 hnub.
Mob hnoos muaj zog thaum cev xeeb tub
Cov niam tsev yav tom ntej yuav tsum tau tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv kev xaiv xaiv, yuav ua li cas kho ib tug hnoos heev. Vim tias muaj ntau yam tshuaj thaum lub sij hawm no tseem muaj kev tiv thaiv, ib qho yuav tsum tau ua ntau dua los ntawm txoj kev siv tshuaj tua kab mob, yuav ua li cas los kho kom muaj zog hnoos, uas peb yuav qhia txog cov lus qhia nram qab no:
- Tswj kom muaj kev txaus siab nyob rau hauv chav tsev (optimum humidity yog li 60%, cua kub yog 18-20 ° C).
- Siv ntau qhov sov sov (tsis kub).
- Inhalations nrog saline daws, ntxhia dej.
- Yaug lub pas dej nrog cov herbal decoctions.