Bronchodilators yog cov tshuaj uas tshem tawm cov pob txha, cuam tshuam lub suab ntawm cov leeg nqaij hlav thiab ntau yam kev sib txuas ntawm lawv cov cai. Lawv siv rau hauv kev kho mob ntawm ntau cov kab mob uas tshwm sim nrog cov phenomena ntawm bronchial thaiv: apnea ntawm cov me nyuam mos, emphysema ntawm lub ntsws, mob nyhav los yog ntev obstructive bronchitis thiab bronchial hawb pob. Bronchodilators yog faib ua ob peb hom.
Adrenomimetic yeeb tshuaj los ntawm cov pab pawg neeg ntawm bronchodilators
Adrenomimetics yog cov tshuaj uas tuaj yeem ua rau nres sai ntawm kev tuag. Lawv tsuas yog tsim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm aerosols. Cov npe ntawm cov neeg mob hnyav ntawm pawg neeg no muaj cov tshuaj xws li:
- Hexoprenaline - dilates lub bronchi, relaxing lub leeg nqaij. Nrog rau kev tiv thaiv kab mob ntev ntev los yog ua hauj lwm zoo txaus ntawm txoj hauv kev nqus dej, koj tuaj yeem siv cov tshuaj no, hnoos hlav dej.
- Salbutamol yog yeeb tshuaj ntev. Nws cov nyhuv bronchodilator yog vim muaj kev nrawm nrawm ntawm cov leeg nqaij ntawm lub bronchi. Tom qab siv tshuaj, cov kev mob tshwm sim kuj yuav tshwm sim tau: mob taub hau, xeev siab, ntuav. Cov tshuaj Conbolds tsis haum.
- Terbutaline - muaj cov nyhuv bronchodilator thiab siv tau los kho cov kab mob ntau hauv cov kab mob ntsws nrog ib qho qis ntawm lub lumen ntawm lub bronchi. Tom qab nqus cov tshuaj, nws cov kev mob tsuas yog tom qab 5-10 feeb.
- Formoterol - zos ua nyob rau hauv lub bronchi, ua rau bronchodilation rau 5-10 feeb. Nws yuav siv tau ob qho rau kev kho mob ntawm bronchospasm , thiab rau nws cov kev tiv thaiv.
Holin-thaiv cov neeg ua hauj lwm los ntawm cov pab pawg neeg ntawm cov pa roj carbon monoxide
Cholinolytics yog kev npaj ntawm pawg neeg mob ntsig txog bronchodilator, uas muaj cov tshuaj lom spasmolytic. Lawv raug siv los kho cov kab mob ntau yam nrog rau cov nqaij tawv nqaij. Kev kho mob yuav tsum tau noj thaum siv anticholinergic cov neeg ua hauj lawm, vim tias ib qho me me dhau lawm yuav ua rau:
- qhov ncauj qhuav heev ;
- tachycardia;
- ua txhaum ntawm kev pabcuam.
Ib qho ntawm feem ntau cov bronchodilators ntawm no pab pawg neeg yog cov tshuaj nrog trententhol (lub npe ntawm cov tshuaj yog Trententhol thiab Truvent). Lawv txhais cov leeg nqaij ntawm lub bronchi hauv ob peb feeb, tshem tawm cov roj ntsha, tab sis lawv tsis tuaj yeem siv tau los ntawm cov neeg mob uas muaj lub plawv dhia ntawm lub plawv thiab lwm cov kab mob hauv ob leeg. Ntxiv rau, lawv nkag mus rau hauv lub tsho me thiab niam mis, ces lawv tsis tuaj yeem coj los ntawm cov poj niam cev xeeb tub thiab cov poj niam thaum lactation.
Bronchodilators ntawm kev txiav txim siab myotropic
Bronchodilators ntawm kev txiav txim siab myotropic yog kev npaj uas yog derivatives ntawm xanthine. Lawv ua rau cov ntsev ntawm lub hauv siab thiab txhim kho qhov tsis zoo ntawm qhov mob ntawm lub pob ntseg diaphragm. Lawv raug sau rau cov kev kho mob ntsws mob ntsws thiab ua rau kev tiv thaiv ntawm kev mob ntsws bronchospasm.
Daim ntawv teev cov bronchodilators ntawm myotropic kev ua xws li cov tshuaj xws li:
- Euphyllinum - thaum noj cov tshuaj txhawm rau khaus lub plab, ces nws yog siv los ua kua tshuaj rau kev txhaj tshuaj. Cov nyhuv nyhuv yog tshwm sim li 10 min thiab kav ntev dua 2 teev. Yog tias koj nkag qhov teeb meem nkag mus rau hauv lub cev, qhov ntev ntawm qhov kev txiav txim yuav txawv me ntsis.
- Diprofylline - yog muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib qho kev daws rau kev txhaj tshuaj thiab cov tshuaj. Rau kev tiv thaiv ntawm bronchospasm, nws yuav siv tau ib txhij nyob rau hauv ob hom, piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv lub yav tav su noj tshuaj, thiab thaum hmo ntuj muab tswm ciab.
- Theophylline - thaum twg muab lub ncauj hais lus sai sai. Cov nyhuv nyhuv yog tshwm sim tom qab li 30 feeb, thiab nws ntev dua 3 teev. Nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm lub qhov quav, bronchodilation tuaj yeem tshwm sim ua ntej, tab sis tib lub sij hawm qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm tshuaj ntau overdose tsub ntxiv rau lub sijhawm.
Bronchodilators ntawm kev txiav txim ntawm myotropic yuav ua rau kiv taub hau, tachycardia thiab ib tug ntse poob hauv cov ntshav siab.