Tsawg-loj hlob, te tau thiab ua rau siab-pear Lub yim hli ntuj dew, bred los ntawm xaiv nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov 2000s, heev sai sai tau hlub thiab muaj koob meej ntawm gardeners. Qib no tsim rau cov khoom tsim tawm thiab kom loj hlob rau hauv cov av hauv tsev.
Grushan Lub Augustow dew yog ib yam ntxwv
Thaum piav txog pear ntau yam, Augustow dew peev xwm paub qhov txawv ntawm cov yam ntxwv hauv qab no:
- siab lub caij ntuj no hardiness;
- kev muaj peev xwm los tiv thaiv lub caij ntuj tsim teb;
- unpretentiousness hauv kev saib xyuas;
- nce, ruaj khov yield;
- tsis kam mus rau kab mob;
- qab ntxiag qab thiab qaub saj, kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo;
- sai kev loj hlob ntawm tsob ntoo, thaum ntxov maturation.
Augusta dew belongs rau lub caij ntuj sov ntau yam, muab los ntawm kev hla ntawm Australian high-yielding pear "Triumph Pakgama" thiab lub caij ntuj sov-resistant kab mob-resistant "Tenderness". Qhov siab ntawm cov ntoo ntawm no ntau yam yog me me, lub crown ntawm medium thickening, txiv hmab txiv ntoo nrog ib tug, pinkish ntawm ib sab, uas los ntawm 100 mus rau 200 grams.
Pear anugust dew - tsim tau
Feem ntau gardeners, piav txog pear li Augustow dew, ntawm nws undeniable zoo yog hu ua lub peev xwm los tawm high high yields, uas nce nrog lub hnub nyoog ntawm tsob ntoo. Txawm tias thawj zaug sau yog los ntawm 15 mus rau 20 kg, muab hais tias cov cai ntawm cog thiab kev saib xyuas raug pom, thiab raws li ib lub txim - lawv muaj zog loj hlob. Qhov loj tshaj tawm los ntawm qib no tuaj yeem coj, yog tias tom ntej no mus rau nws cog nws tus kheej-fertilized ntau yam, nrog coinciding lub sij hawm ntawm flowering.
Pear Augustow dew - qhov siab ntawm ib tsob ntoo
Ntau ntawm pears Lub Augusta dew yog undersized, tsis tshaj peb meters nyob rau hauv qhov siab, tab sis nyob rau tib lub sij hawm nws yog ceev ceev loj hlob, muaj zog, curved ceg. Active tsob ntoo loj hlob yuav tsum muaj qhov qoob loo tas li, uas yuav tso cai rau nws qhov loj thiab qhov sau tag nrho. Rau thawj lub sij hawm, qhov trimming tus txheej txheem yog ua tom qab cog lub seedlings, shortening tus ceg by 30%. Vim nws siab pear qhov siab, Augusta dew yog feem ntau zus, ob qho tib si ntawm cov cuab yeej me me hauv tsev thiab nyob rau hauv loj horticultural plantations.
Thaum lub Augusta dew pib dais txiv hmab txiv ntoo?
Muab cov yam ntxwv ntawm Augusta lew pear, ib tug tsis ignore zoo, xws li thaum ntxov fertility. Cov ntoo ntawm no ntau yam pib tawm los rau 3-4 xyoos tom qab cog lub seedlings. Qhov ntau yam yog heev tsim, fruiting yog li niaj zaus, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hais tias tsob ntoo yog cog tom ntej no mus rau nws tus ntuj pollinator. Fruiting pib los ntawm nruab nrab ntawm lub yim hli ntuj thiab kav mus txog rau thaum nruab nrab Cuaj hlis, nyob ntawm kev nyab xeeb, tus nqi ntawm sau ncav ob puas centners los ntawm ib hectare.
Cog ib pear nyob rau hauv lub yim hli ntuj dew
Pear seedlings yuav tsum tau cog nyob rau hauv lub yim hli ntuj dew nyob rau hauv sov av, ua nws nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov Autumn los yog lig caij nplooj ntoos hlav. Thaum xaiv ib qhov chaw rau cog seedlings, xav txog ib qho ntawm ntau yam tseem ceeb rau kev loj hlob ntawm no ntau yam, thiab ua ib co agrotechnical ntsuas:
- Qhov chaw yuav tsum zoo lit, nkag mus rau lub hnub lub rays, windless;
- av xaiv loamy los yog xuab zeb-chernozem, nrog ib tug zoo kua system, zoo dua nyob rau hauv toj, txij li pear ntau yam Augustow dew tsis zam stagnation ntawm av;
- rau cog, txais 1-2 lub caij ntuj sov seedlings nrog ib tug zoo-tsim paus system;
- nyob rau hauv ib tug aub tsiv ntawm 50-70 cm tob, thov fertilizer (nees humus, poov tshuaj, niter), yog hais tias cov av acidic, neutralize nws nrog limestone;
- txo lub keeb kwm ntawm seedling mus rau hauv ib lub chatterbox muaj raws ntawm av nplaum, humus thiab superphosphate, ces kis lawv thiab maj mam muab tso rau tsob ntoo nyob rau hauv aub tsiv, thiaj li hais tias hauv paus ntawm hauv paus yog 6-7 cm saum toj no lub saum npoo ntawm cov av;
- Sprinkle lub seedling nrog av, maj mam phaus nws, tso ib tug peg ntawm nws ib sab, khi ib tsob ntoo;
- cog ib co seedlings nyob ze, tawm ib tug deb ntawm yam tsawg kawg 4 meters nruab nrab ntawm lawv.
Ntau ntawm pears Augustow dew - kev saib xyuas
Los ntawm kev saib xyuas ntawm seedlings nyob ntawm lawv cov kev loj hlob ntxiv thiab fruiting, qhov no yog facilitated los ntawm raws sijhawm thiab competently nqa tawm agrotechnical ntsuas, uas yog xaus nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem nram no:
- Watering. Nrog rau qhov nruab nrab nag lossis daus, neeg laus cov ntoo muaj dej ib zaug ib lub lim tiam, hauv lub Xya Hli thiab Lub Yim Hli - ntau zaus, thaum xaus ntawm lub yim hli ntuj, cov dej yuav tsum nres. Nyob rau hauv qhuav xyoo thiab nyob rau hauv thawj xyoo tom qab disembarkation, cov av yuav tsum tau moistened 3-5 zaug ib hlis.
- Sab saum toj hnav khaub ncaws. Tus nqi ntawm fertilizing yog ua nyob ntawm seb muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov av, thaum koj yuav tsum paub hais tias qhov ntau fertilizer, raws li tau zoo raws li, qhov teeb meem yuav ua rau tuag ntawm tsob ntoo. On xau tsim rau Augustow dew ntau yam, ntxiv fertilizing yuav ua tau ib zaug nyob rau hauv ob xyoos, rau tsawg dua haum - ib xyoos ib zaug.
- Pruning. Txoj cai uas yuav tsum tau ua ntawm txoj kev loj hlob thiab kev tsim ntawm lub crown nyob ntawm nws lub hom phiaj yog los tuav lub qhov dej huv uas zoo ntawm tsob ntoo pear. Thaum lub sij hawm pruning, qhov puas thiab qhuav ceg raug muab tshem tawm, thiab cov neeg uas hnyav thicken lub crown. Kev tsim tus thib ob theem ntawm ceg ntoo uas ua li lub cev pob txha ntawm tsob ntoo, tua yog shortened los ntawm ib tug peb lub hlis twg.
Qhov tsis zoo ntawm ntau yam yuav ntaus nqi rau nws tsawg theem ntawm tus kheej-pollination, yog li ntawd, kom nce tus nqi ntawm sau rau pear, Augustow dew, qhov zoo tshaj plaws pollinator yog lub "nco ntawm Yakovleva" ntau yam. Ntoo pom zoo rau pollination ntawm ntau yam yuav tsum tau cog tom ntej qhov rooj, qhov no yuav tsis tsuas yog lub loj tshaj sau, tab sis kuj zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, lawv yuav loj dua, sweeter thiab juicier.
Pear Augustow dew - kab mob thiab pests
Kev piav qhia ntawm pear ntau yam Augustow dew qhia tau tus kab mob ntawm cov ntoo nrog ntau yam, yam ntxwv rau nws, cov kab mob thiab kev puas tsuaj raug mob, xav txog lub ntsiab ntawm lawv:
- Kabmob dub. Manifestations nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cracks thiab wounds tshwm nyob rau hauv bark, thiab nyob rau txiv hmab txiv ntoo liab dots raug tsim. Txiav tawm thaj chaw ntawm lub pob tw, tshem tawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo uas raug mob thiab nplooj, txiav cov seem nrog tooj liab sulfate.
- Powdery mildew. Tau tshem ntawm cov nplooj thiab paj, bred colloidal sulfur thiab dej no cov ntoo muaj pes tsawg leeg.
- Txiv Hmab Txiv Ntoo Liab. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo wither thiab poob tawm. Tsob ntoo yog kho nrog "Oxis", tom qab flowering.
- Ntxeem tau ntawm kab. Nws yog ua tau hais tias nplooj, ces tag nrho tsob ntoo, qhuav li. Caij nplooj ntoos hlav yuav tsum tau txau nrog "Nitrafen", "Agravertin" los yog "Kinmix".