Daim tawv nqaij yog qhov loj tshaj plaws hauv lub cev, qhov loj ntawm uas yog hais txog peb lub sij hawm uas ntawm nplooj siab. Teeb meem puas tsuaj puag ncig, qhov tawv nqaij yog ib qho thaiv kev tiv thaiv rau lub cev, thiab koom tes hauv cov txheej txheem thermoregulation, metabolism, kev ua pa. Tus qauv ntawm cov tawv nqaij ntawm cov tawv nqaij yog qhov nyuaj txaus, yog li ntawd peb yuav xav txog nws hauv kev simplified hom.
Daim tawv nqaij txheej
Tib neeg daim tawv nqaij sawv cev los ntawm peb cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg:
- epidermis, uas nyob rau hauv lem muaj tsib txheej;
- dermis - ob txheej txheej ntaub so ntswg;
- hypodermis los yog roj subcutaneous.
Lub hau sab nraud (sab nraud) yog lub plawv, qhov tuab ntawm nyias qhov sib txawv hauv lub cev. Nyob ntawm qhov no, daim tawv nqaij yog muab cais ua rau tuab (nyob rau hauv qab xib taws, xib teg) thiab nyias (ntawm seem ntawm lub cev).
Daim tawv nqaij yog ua tiav los ntawm nws cov khoom xyaw (ntxiv: appendages):
- tes;
- plaub hau;
- hws qog;
- sebaceous qog.
Epidermis
Hauv cov kab mob hauv cov epidermis tsis muaj hlab ntsha hlab hlwb - cov hlwb noj tau los ntawm qhov chaw nkag.
Txheej ntawm cov kab mob epidermis:
- horny - txheej txheej, muaj cov keratinizing epithelium; nws cov hlwb uas muaj protein ntau keratin thiab, qhov tseeb, yog twb tuag lawm;
- ci iab - puv nrog ib qho khoom tshwj xeeb protein uas cia cov teeb ci;
- ntau tuaj - sawv cev los ntawm 1-5 kab ntawm cov kab zauv dawb;
- spiny - muaj 3-8 natwm cov hlwb uas muaj cytoplasmic outgrowths;
- Basal - lub txheej qis tshaj, uas yog nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus basal membrane, bordering ntawm lub dermis, thiab muaj ib tug prismatic epithelium.
Lub hlwb ntawm lub stratum corneum tas li tev tawm, lawv hloov los ntawm cov tshiab, migrating los ntawm tob txheej.
Dermis thiab hypodermis
Cov qauv ntawm cov tawv nqaij (ua tau ntawm daim tawv nqaij) yog sawv cev los ntawm ob cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg.
Nyob rau hauv lub papillary txheej yog cov hlwb cov hlwb, kev cob cog nrog cov qij plaub hau, hlab ntsha txoj hlab thiab capillaries. Hauv qab papillary yog ib txheej txheej, uas muaj npe los ntawm elastic, smooth cov leeg thiab cov roj hmab collagen, vim tias daim tawv nqaij ruaj khov thiab ywj.
Subcutaneous rog lossis hypoderma muaj cov pob ntawm cov roj rog thiab cov ntaub so ntswg. Ntawm no, cov as-ham tau khaws thiab khaws cia.
Daim tawv nqaij ntawm lub ntsej muag
Tus qauv ntawm tib neeg cov tawv nqaij yog me ntsis txawv nyob rau hauv tej qhov chaw ntawm lub cev.
Hauv cheeb tsam ntawm lub ntsej muag yog qhov tsawg tshaj plaws ntawm sebaceous qog - qhov no kuj pom qhov peculiarity ntawm tus qauv ntawm daim tawv nqaij ntawm lub ntsej muag. Nyob ntawm seb qhov tso kua qaub zais cia qog los ntawm qog, nws yog txoj cai cais tawm ntawm daim tawv nqaij mus rau ib qho roj, qhov qub, qhuav thiab ua ke nrog. Nyob ib ncig ntawm lub qhov muag thiab ntawm ob lub qhov muag daj yog qhov chaw ntawm lub thinnest epidermal txheej. Cov tawv nqaij ntawm lub ntsej muag yog feem ntau raug rau cov huab cua thiab ib puag ncig thaj tsam, yog li ntawd nws xav tau kev saib xyuas zoo.
Daim tawv nqaij ntawm tes
Ntawm cov xib teg (as Well as on the soles of the feet) tsis muaj phom cov plaub hau thiab sebaceous qog, tab sis cov qog hws hauv cov cheeb tsam no yog cov feem ntau - vim cov khoom tso tawm los ntawm lawv, ob txhais tes tsis plam thaum tsiv. Tus qauv ntawm daim tawv nqaij ntawm lub xib teg ntawm txhais tes txawv ntau rigidly nrog cov ntaub so ntswg subcutaneous. Nyob rau nraum qab ntawm xib teg, daim tawv nqaij yog ywj zoo, mos thiab muag heev - ua tsaug rau cov nta ib tus neeg muaj peev xwm nyem tus ntiv tes.
Daim tawv nqaij ntawm lub taub hau
Cov nta ntawm cov qauv ntawm cov tawv taub hau yog vim muaj cov plaub hau papillae, tsim los ntawm cov qaug dab peg ntawm cov nqaij tawv nqaij, uas yog nyob hauv cov pob zeb hauv av. Qhov nqaim kawg ntawm lub teeb yog hu ua hauv paus, cov plaub hau nws tus kheej hlob zoo los ntawm nws. Ib sab nyob saum cov kab mob hu ua epidermis yog hu ua cov plaub hau, ntawm nws yog qhov kev txiav txim siab ntawm qhov qog thiab hws qog. Rau cov papilla, paj paj thiab cov hlab ntsha uas pub lub noob thiab cov plaub hau loj hlob zoo.
Kev Tso Tawv Zis
Cov lus thiab cov qauv ntawm daim tawv nqaij txiav txim siab nws qhov tseem ceeb thiab lub ntsiab kev ua haujlwm:
- Kev tiv thaiv (los ntawm kev siv tshuaj lom neeg, UV-rays, poob ntawm ya raws);
- thermoregulatory (ua tsaug rau lub evaporation ntawm hws thiab kub hluav taws xob);
- Excretory (excretion ntawm salts, metabolic khoom, tshuaj nrog hws);
- endocrine thiab metabolic (synthesis ntawm hormones, txuam nrog cov vitamin D);
- reseptor (vim txoj hlab paj hlwb);
- tiv thaiv kab mob (kev koom tes hauv kev tsim ntawm lub cev tsis muaj zog).